Was ist das eigentlich? Cyberrisiken verständlich erklärt

Es wird viel über Cyberrisiken gesprochen. Oftmals fehlt aber das grundsätzliche Verständnis, was Cyberrisiken überhaupt sind. Ohne diese zu verstehen, lässt sich aber auch kein Versicherungsschutz gestalten.

Beinahe alle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens können heute über das Internet abgewickelt werden. Online-Shopping und Online-Banking sind im Alltag angekommen. Diese Entwicklung trifft längst nicht nur auf Privatleute, sondern auch auf Firmen zu. Das Schlagwort Industrie 4.0 verheißt bereits eine zunehmende Vernetzung diverser geschäftlicher Vorgänge über das Internet.

Anbieter von Cyberversicherungen für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) haben Versicherungen die Erfahrung gemacht, dass trotz dieser eindeutigen Entwicklung Cyberrisiken immer noch unterschätzt werden, da sie als etwas Abstraktes wahrgenommen werden. Für KMU kann dies ein gefährlicher Trugschluss sein, da gerade hier Cyberattacken existenzbedrohende Ausmaße annehmen können. So wird noch häufig gefragt, was Cyberrisiken eigentlich sind. Diese Frage ist mehr als verständlich, denn ohne (Cyber-)Risiken bestünde auch kein Bedarf für eine (Cyber-)Versicherung.

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Exam Number : 250-428
Exam Name : Administration of Symantec Endpoint Protection 14
Vendor Name : Symantec
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250-428 exam Format | 250-428 Course Contents | 250-428 Course Outline | 250-428 exam Syllabus | 250-428 exam Objectives


Exam ID : 250-428

Exam Title : Administration of Symantec Endpoint Protection 14

Questions: 65 - 75

Exam Duration: 90 minutes

Passing Score: 70%

Languages: English



The Symantec Endpoint Protection 14: Plan and Implement course is designed for the network, IT security, and systems administration professional in a Security Operations position tasked with planning and implementing a Symantec Endpoint Protection environment. This course covers how to architect and size a Symantec Endpoint Protection environment, install or upgrade the Symantec Endpoint Protection Manager (SEPM), benefit from a SEPM disaster recovery plan, and manage replication and failover. The class also covers how to deploy new endpoints and upgrade existing Windows, Mac, and Linux endpoints.



Course Objectives

By the completion of this course, you will be able to:

• Architect a Symantec Endpoint Protection Environment

• Prepare and deliver a successful Symantec Endpoint Installation

• Build a Disaster Recovery plan to ensure successful SEPM backups and restores

• Manage failover and replication

• Deploy endpoint clients



Introduction

• Course environment

• Lab environment

Preparing and Delivering a Successful Symantec Endpoint Protection Implementation

• Architecting and Sizing the Symantec Endpoint Protection Environment

• Installing the SEPM

• Benefiting from a SEPM Disaster Recovery Plan

• Managing Replication and Failover

Discovering Endpoint Client Implementation and Strategies

• Implementing the Best Method to Deploy Windows, Mac, and Linux Endpoints

• Migrating a SEP 12.1.6 client to SEP 14



Symantec Endpoint Protection 14.x: Configure and Protect



The Symantec Endpoint Protection 14.x: Configure and Protect course is designed for the network, IT security, and systems administration professionals in a Security Operations position who are tasked with configuring optimum security settings for endpoints protected by Symantec Endpoint Protection 14. This class brings context and examples of attacks and tools used by cybercriminals.



Introduction

• Course environment

• Lab environment

Securing Endpoints against Network-Based Attacks

Introducing Network Threats

 Describing how Symantec Endpoint Protection protects each layer of the network stack

 Discovering the tools and methods used by attackers

 Describing the stages of an attack Protecting against Network Attacks and Enforcing Corporate Policies using the Firewall Policy

 Preventing network attacks

 Examining Firewall Policy elements

 Evaluating built-in rules

 Creating custom firewall rules

 Enforcing corporate security policy with firewall rules

 Blocking network attacks using protection and stealth settings

 Configuring advanced firewall feature Blocking Threats with Intrusion Prevention

 Introducing Intrusion Prevention technologies

 Configuring the Intrusion Prevention policy

 Managing custom signatures

 Monitoring Intrusion Prevention events



Introducing File-Based Threats

 Describing threat types

 Discovering how attackers disguise their malicious applications

 Describing threat vectors

 Describing Advanced Persistent Threats and a typical attack scenario

 Following security best practices to reduce risks Preventing Attacks with SEP Layered Security

 Virus and Spyware protection needs and solutions

 Describing how Symantec Endpoint Protection protects each layer of the network stack

 Examining file reputation scoring

 Describing how SEP protects against zero-day threats and threats downloaded through files and email

 Describing how endpoints are protected with the Intelligent Threat Cloud Service

 Describing how the emulator executes a file in a sandbox and the machine learning engines role and function

Securing Windows Clients

 Platform and Virus and Spyware Protection policy overview

 Tailoring scans to meet an environments needs

 Ensuring real-time protection for clients

 Detecting and remediating risks in downloaded files

 Identifying zero-day and unknown threats

 Preventing email from downloading malware

 Configuring advanced options

 Monitoring virus and spyware activity Securing Mac Clients

 Touring the SEP for Mac client

 Securing Mac clients

 Monitoring Mac clients



Securing Linux Clients

 Navigating the Linux client

 Tailoring Virus and Spyware settings for Linux clients

 Monitoring Linux clients Controlling endpoint integrity and compliance

Providing Granular Control with Host Integrity

 Ensuring client compliance with Host Integrity

 Configuring Host Integrity

 Troubleshooting Host Integrity

 Monitoring Host Integrity

Controlling Application and File Access

 Describing Application Control and concepts

 Creating application rulesets to restrict how applications run

 Monitoring Application Control events Restricting Device Access for Windows and Mac Clients

 Describing Device Control features and concepts for Windows and Mac clients

 Enforcing access to hardware using Device Control

 Discovering hardware access policy violations with reports, logs, and notifications

Hardening Clients with System Lockdown

 What is System Lockdown=>

 Determining to use System Lockdown in Whitelist or Blacklist mode

 Creating whitelists for blacklists

 Protecting clients by testing and Implementing System Lockdown.

Enforcing Adaptive Security Posture

Customizing Policies based on Location

 Creating locations to ensure the appropriate level of security when logging on remotely

 Determining the criteria and order of exam before assigning policies

 Assigning policies to locations

 Monitoring locations on the SEPM and SEP client

Managing Security Exceptions

 Creating file and folder exceptions for different scan types

 Describing the automatic exclusion created during installation

 Managing Windows and Mac exclusions

 Monitoring security exceptions



Symantec Endpoint Protection 14.x: Manage and Administer



The Symantec Endpoint Protection 14.x: Manage and Administer course is designed for the network, IT security, and systems administration professional in a Security Operations position tasked with the day-to-day operation of the SEPM management console. The class covers configuring sever-client communication, domains, groups, and locations and Active Directory integration. You also learn how Symantec Endpoint Protection uses LiveUpdate servers and Group Update Providers to deliver content to clients. In addition, you learn how to respond to incidents using monitoring and reporting



Course Objectives

By the completion of this course, you will be able to:

• Describe how the Symantec Endpoint Protection Manager (SEPM) communicates with clients and make appropriate changes as necessary.

• Design and create Symantec Endpoint Protection group structures to meet the needs of your organization.

• Respond to threats using SEPM monitoring and reporting.

• Analyze the content delivery system (LiveUpdate).

• Reduce bandwidth consumption using the best method to deliver content updates to clients.

• Configure Group Update Providers.

• Create location aware content updates
.
• Use Rapid Release definitions to remediate a virus outbreak.



Monitoring and Managing Endpoints

Managing Console Access and Delegating

Responsibility

• Creating administrator accounts

• Managing administrators and delegating responsibility

Managing Client-to-SEPM Communication

• Analyzing client-to-SEPM communication

• Restoring communication between clients and SEPM

• Verifying clients are online with the SEPM

Managing the Client Architecture and Active

Directory Integration

• Describing the interaction between sites, domains, and groups

• Managing groups, locations, and policy inheritance

• Assigning policies to multiple locations

• Importing Active Directory Organizational Units

• Controlling access to client user interface settings

Managing Clients and Responding to Threats

• Identifying and verifying the protection status for all computers

• Monitoring for health status and anomalies

• Responding to incidents

Monitoring the Environment and Responding to Threats

• Monitoring critical log data

• Identifying new incidents

• Responding to incidents

• Proactively respond to incidents

Creating Incident and Health Reports

• Reporting on your environments security status

• Reporting on the health of your environment

Enforcing Content Updates on

Endpoints using the Best Method

Introducing Content Updates using LiveUpdate

 Describing the LiveUpdate ecosystem

 Configuring LiveUpdate sources

 Troubleshooting LiveUpdate

 Examining the need for an internal LiveUpdate

Administration server

 Describe the high-level steps to configure an internal

LiveUpdate server

Analyzing the SEPM Content Delivery System

 Describing content updates

 Configuring LiveUpdate on the SEPM and clients

 Monitoring a LiveUpdate session

 Managing content on the SEPM

 Monitoring content distribution for clients

Managing Group Update Providers

 Identifying the advantages of using group update providers

 Adding group update providers

 Adding multiple and explicit group update providers

 Identifying and monitoring group update providers

 Examining group update provider health and status

Configuring Location Aware Content Updates

 Examining location awareness

 Configuring location aware content updates

 Monitoring location aware content updates

Managing Certified and Rapid Release Definitions

 Managing Certified SEPM definitions from Symantec

Security Response

 Managing Certified Windows client definitions from Symantec Security Response

 Managing Rapid Release definitions from Symantec Security Response

 Managing Certified and Rapid Release definitions from Symantec Security Response for Mac and Linux clients

 Using static definitions in scripts to download content



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Warum sind Cyberrisiken so schwer greifbar?

Als mehr oder weniger neuartiges Phänomen stellen Cyberrisiken Unternehmen und Versicherer vor besondere Herausforderungen. Nicht nur die neuen Schadenszenarien sind abstrakter oder noch nicht bekannt. Häufig sind immaterielle Werte durch Cyberrisiken in Gefahr. Diese wertvollen Vermögensgegenstände sind schwer bewertbar.

Obwohl die Gefahr durchaus wahrgenommen wird, unterschätzen viele Firmen ihr eigenes Risiko. Dies liegt unter anderem auch an den Veröffentlichungen zu Cyberrisiken. In der Presse finden sich unzählige Berichte von Cyberattacken auf namhafte und große Unternehmen. Den Weg in die Presse finden eben nur die spektakulären Fälle. Die dort genannten Schadenszenarien werden dann für das eigene Unternehmen als unrealistisch eingestuft. Die für die KMU nicht minder gefährlichen Cyber­attacken werden nur selten publiziert.

Aufgrund der fehlenden öffentlichen Meldungen von Sicherheitsvorfällen an Sicherheitsbehörden und wegen der fehlenden Presseberichte fällt es schwer, Fakten und Zahlen zur Risikolage zu erheben. Aber ohne diese Grundlage fällt es schwer, in entsprechende Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu investieren.

Erklärungsleitfaden anhand eines Ursache-Wirkungs-Modells

Häufig nähert man sich dem Thema Cyberrisiko anlass- oder eventbezogen, also wenn sich neue Schaden­szenarien wie die weltweite WannaCry-Attacke entwickeln. Häufig wird auch akteursgebunden beleuchtet, wer Angreifer oder Opfer sein kann. Dadurch begrenzt man sich bei dem Thema häufig zu sehr nur auf die Cyberkriminalität. Um dem Thema Cyberrisiko jedoch gerecht zu werden, müssen auch weitere Ursachen hinzugezogen werden.

Mit einer Kategorisierung kann das Thema ganzheitlich und nachvollziehbar strukturiert werden. Ebenso hilft eine solche Kategorisierung dabei, eine Abgrenzung vorzunehmen, für welche Gefahren Versicherungsschutz über eine etwaige Cyberversicherung besteht und für welche nicht.

Die Ursachen sind dabei die Risiken, während finanzielle bzw. nicht finanzielle Verluste die Wirkungen sind. Cyberrisiken werden demnach in zwei Hauptursachen eingeteilt. Auf der einen Seite sind die nicht kriminellen Ursachen und auf der anderen Seite die kriminellen Ursachen zu nennen. Beide Ursachen können dabei in drei Untergruppen unterteilt werden.

Nicht kriminelle Ursachen

Höhere Gewalt

Häufig hat man bei dem Thema Cyberrisiko nur die kriminellen Ursachen vor Augen. Aber auch höhere Gewalt kann zu einem empfindlichen Datenverlust führen oder zumindest die Verfügbarkeit von Daten einschränken, indem Rechenzentren durch Naturkatastrophen wie beispielsweise Überschwemmungen oder Erdbeben zerstört werden. Ebenso sind Stromausfälle denkbar.

Menschliches Versagen/Fehlverhalten

Als Cyberrisiken sind auch unbeabsichtigtes und menschliches Fehlverhalten denkbar. Hierunter könnte das versehentliche Veröffentlichen von sensiblen Informationen fallen. Möglich sind eine falsche Adressierung, Wahl einer falschen Faxnummer oder das Hochladen sensibler Daten auf einen öffentlichen Bereich der Homepage.

Technisches Versagen

Auch Hardwaredefekte können zu einem herben Datenverlust führen. Neben einem Überhitzen von Rechnern sind Kurzschlüsse in Systemtechnik oder sogenannte Headcrashes von Festplatten denkbare Szenarien.

Kriminelle Ursachen

Hackerangriffe

Hackerangriffe oder Cyberattacken sind in der Regel die Szenarien, die die Presse dominieren. Häufig wird von spektakulären Datendiebstählen auf große Firmen oder von weltweiten Angriffen mit sogenannten Kryptotrojanern berichtet. Opfer kann am Ende aber jeder werden. Ziele, Methoden und auch das Interesse sind vielfältig. Neben dem finanziellen Interesse können Hackerangriffe auch zur Spionage oder Sabotage eingesetzt werden. Mögliche Hackermethoden sind unter anderem: Social Engineering, Trojaner, DoS-Attacken oder Viren.

Physischer Angriff

Die Zielsetzung eines physischen Angriffs ist ähnlich dem eines Hacker­angriffs. Dabei wird nicht auf die Tools eines Hackerangriffs zurückgegriffen, sondern durch das physische Eindringen in Unternehmensgebäude das Ziel erreicht. Häufig sind es Mitarbeiter, die vertrauliche Informationen stehlen, da sie bereits den notwendigen Zugang zu den Daten besitzen.

Erpressung

Obwohl die Erpressung aufgrund der eingesetzten Methoden auch als Hacker­angriff gewertet werden könnte, ergibt eine Differenzierung Sinn. Erpressungsfälle durch Kryptotrojaner sind eines der häufigsten Schadenszenarien für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen. Außerdem sind auch Erpressungsfälle denkbar, bei denen sensible Daten gestohlen wurden und ein Lösegeld gefordert wird, damit sie nicht veröffentlicht oder weiterverkauft werden.

Ihre Cyberversicherung sollte zumindet folgende Schäden abdecken:

Cyber-Kosten:

  • Soforthilfe und Forensik-Kosten (Kosten der Ursachenermittlung, Benachrichtigungskosten und Callcenter-Leistung)
  • Krisenkommunikation / PR-Maßnahmen
  • Systemverbesserungen nach einer Cyber-Attacke
  • Aufwendungen vor Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls

Cyber-Drittschäden (Haftpflicht):

  • Befriedigung oder Abwehr von Ansprüchen Dritter
  • Rechtswidrige elektronische Kommunikation
  • Ansprüche der E-Payment-Serviceprovider
  • Vertragsstrafe wegen der Verletzung von Geheimhaltungspflichten und Datenschutzvereinbarungen
  • Vertragliche Schadenersatzansprüche
  • Vertragliche Haftpflicht bei Datenverarbeitung durch Dritte
  • Rechtsverteidigungskosten

Cyber-Eigenschäden:

  • Betriebsunterbrechung
  • Betriebsunterbrechung durch Ausfall von Dienstleister (optional)
  • Mehrkosten
  • Wiederherstellung von Daten (auch Entfernen der Schadsoftware)
  • Cyber-Diebstahl: elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr, fehlerhafter Versand von Waren, Telefon-Mehrkosten/erhöhte Nutzungsentgelte
  • Cyber-Erpressung
  • Entschädigung mit Strafcharakter/Bußgeld
  • Ersatz-IT-Hardware
  • Cyber-Betrug