Was ist das eigentlich? Cyberrisiken verständlich erklärt

Es wird viel über Cyberrisiken gesprochen. Oftmals fehlt aber das grundsätzliche Verständnis, was Cyberrisiken überhaupt sind. Ohne diese zu verstehen, lässt sich aber auch kein Versicherungsschutz gestalten.

Beinahe alle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens können heute über das Internet abgewickelt werden. Online-Shopping und Online-Banking sind im Alltag angekommen. Diese Entwicklung trifft längst nicht nur auf Privatleute, sondern auch auf Firmen zu. Das Schlagwort Industrie 4.0 verheißt bereits eine zunehmende Vernetzung diverser geschäftlicher Vorgänge über das Internet.

Anbieter von Cyberversicherungen für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) haben Versicherungen die Erfahrung gemacht, dass trotz dieser eindeutigen Entwicklung Cyberrisiken immer noch unterschätzt werden, da sie als etwas Abstraktes wahrgenommen werden. Für KMU kann dies ein gefährlicher Trugschluss sein, da gerade hier Cyberattacken existenzbedrohende Ausmaße annehmen können. So wird noch häufig gefragt, was Cyberrisiken eigentlich sind. Diese Frage ist mehr als verständlich, denn ohne (Cyber-)Risiken bestünde auch kein Bedarf für eine (Cyber-)Versicherung.

Wo erhalte ich vollständige Informationen über ABV?

Nachfolgend finden Sie alle Details zu Übungstests, Dumps und aktuellen Fragen der ABV: AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Prüfung.

2024 Updated Actual ABV questions as experienced in Test Center

Aktuelle ABV Fragen aus echten Tests von Killexams.com - easy finanz | easyfinanz

E html>

AICPA ABV : AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS

Exam Dumps Organized by Lee



Latest 2024 Updated AICPA AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Syllabus
ABV ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS / Braindumps contains genuine test Questions

Practice Tests and Free VCE Software - Questions Updated on Daily Basis
Big Discount / Cheapest price & 100% Pass Guarantee




ABV Exam Center Questions : Download 100% Free ABV ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS (PDF and VCE)

Exam Number : ABV
Exam Name : AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV)
Vendor Name : AICPA
Update : Click Here to Check Latest Update
Question Bank : Check Questions

Practice ABV Cheatsheet from killexams.com
The majority of their clients supply us a 5-star rating due to their success in the ABV test using their Questions and Answers, which includes genuine test questions and answers, as well as a practice test. They are pleased when their applicants score 100% on the test, and they consider it their success, not just theirs.

It's important to be cautious when choosing an braindumps provider online as many of them resell outdated dumps. To avoid wasting your time and money, it's crucial to find a reliable and reputable provider such as killexams.com. Rather than spending time researching on your own, simply visit killexams.com and obtain the 100% free ABV PDF Download to evaluate the demo questions. If you are satisfied with the quality, register for a 3-month account to access the latest and authentic ABV Test Prep that includes real test questions and answers. You can also get the ABV VCE test simulator for practice.







ABV test Format | ABV Course Contents | ABV Course Outline | ABV test Syllabus | ABV test Objectives


The Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV ®) credential is granted exclusively by the AICPA to CPAs and qualified valuation professionals who demonstrate considerable expertise in valuation through their knowledge, skill, experience and adherence to professional standards. To obtain the credential, you must pass the two-part, modular ABV Exam. The test requirement is waived for candidates who have passed the ASA credential test of the American Society of Appraisers, CFA test level III of the CFA Institute or CBV credential test of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Business Valuators.



The AICPAs ABV credential is the most rigorous and prestigious of the business valuation certifications. In a short time, it has become an essential marketing tool for the CPA planning to specialize in this lucrative practice area.



Review sources of data, techniques, and methods used to analyze business interest, value drivers, and risk exam.

Distinguish among the three primary approaches to value (and related hybrid approaches), as well as identify and apply various types of valuation adjustments and the reconciliation of value estimates.

Identify key areas related to valuation in the conceptual framework of fair value accounting, accounting for business combinations, and accounting for goodwill impairment.

Identify the five basic steps of a valuation engagement.

Differentiate among standards of value, premises of value, and levels of value.

Identify valuation related professional standards and guidelines issued by AICPA (for example, VS section 100).



Newly enhanced and closely aligned with the ABV exam, the AICPAs ABV test Review is the only comprehensive BV examination review program backed by the resources and collective expertise of business valuation professionals associated with the nation's premier membership organization for CPAs.



The AICPAs ABV credential is the most rigorous and prestigious of the business valuation certifications. In a short time, it has become an essential marketing tool for the CPA planning to specialize in this lucrative practice area. A key step towards becoming an ABV, the ABV test tests a comprehensive range of business valuation knowledge.



The ABV test is offered in a two-part, modular format. Module 1, "Approaches", covers Content Specification Outline (CSO) section II and chapters 4-7 and 9 of ABV test Review. Module 2, "Analysis and Related" covers CSO sections I & III and chapters 1-3 and 8 of ABV test Review. Please reference the CSO before preparing for the ABV exam.



NOTE: Taking this review course does not ensure that the candidate will successfully pass the ABV exam. This course reviews most of the items on the exams content specific outline and is not meant to teach syllabus to the candidate for the first time. A significant amount of independent reading and study will be necessary to prepare for the exam, regardless of whether or not the candidate completes this review course.



Key topics:

Professional Standards, the Engagement, and Standards of Value

Fair Value for Financial Reporting Based on Financial Accounting

Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification (FASB ASC) 820

Subject Company Analysis

Income Approach to Value

Cost of Capital

The Market Approach to Valuation

Asset-Based Approach

The Valuation of Intangible Assets and Intellectual Property

Valuation Adjustments: Discounts and Premiums and Reconciliation of Indicated Values



I. Foundation of Valuation Theory (Exam Part 1 — 50%)

A. Professional standards

B. Financial reporting

C. Defining the engagement

D. Sources of economic and industry data

E. Macro-economic and environmental analysis

F. Industry analysis

G. Subject entity analysis

II. Implementation of Valuation Methods (Exam Part 2 — 50%)

A. Valuation approaches

B. Intellectual property and other intangible assets

C. Discounts, premiums and other adjustments

D. Conclusion of value

A. Professional standards

1. AICPA VS Section 100, Valuation of a Business, Business Ownership

Interest, Security, or Intangible Asset (VS Section 100)

2. AICPA Code Of Professional Conduct ET 1.200.001 “Independence

rule” and interpretations of the “nonattest services” subtopic [1.295]

(Pronouncements and regulations related to independence

requirements when providing business valuation services to attest clients)

Understanding Business Valuation: A Practical

Guide to Valuing Small to Medium-Sized

Businesses, chapter 2

Financial Valuation: Applications and Models, chapter 12

B. Financial Reporting

1. Fair value measurements (FASB ASC 820)

2. Business combinations (FASB ASC 805)

3. Goodwill and other intangibles and measuring impairment

(FASB ASC 350)

4. Accounting for the impairment of long-lived assets (FASB ASC 360)

5 Compensation — stock compensation (FASB ASC 718)

6. Contingent considerations

7. AICPA Statement on Auditing Standards AU Sec. 336 (Using the Work

of a Specialist) And AU Sec. 328 (Auditing Fair Value Measurements

And Disclosures)

Understanding Business Valuation: A Practical

Guide to Valuing Small to Medium-Sized

Businesses, chapter 19

Financial Valuation: Applications

and Models, chapter 24

C. Defining the engagement

1. Standards of value (e.g., fair market value, fair value — financial

reporting, investment value, intrinsic [fundamental] value)

a. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Revenue Ruling 59–60 (fundamental

valuation considerations and the definition of fair market value)

2. Relationship between purpose of the valuation and the standard of value

3. Understanding the ownership characteristics of the interest being valued

4. Premise of value for business interests (i.e., ongoing concern and liquidation)

5. Engagement letters (e.g., purpose and content)

Understanding Business Valuation: A Practical

Guide to Valuing Small to Medium-Sized

Businesses, chapters 3, 4 and 16

Financial Valuation: Applications

and Models, chapter 2

VS Section 100

D. Sources of economic and industry data

E. Macro-economic and environmental alalysis

F. Industry analysis

1. Industry structure and life-cycle analysis

2. Competitive strategies and analysis

G. Subject entity analysis

1. Entity documents (e.g., operating agreements, buy-sell agreements and bylaws)

2. SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis

3. Firm economics (cost structure and pricing power marginal analysis)

4. Historic and forecast financial statements

a. Common size

b. Trend analysis

c. Financial ratios (a list of definitions, ratios and formulas provided during the test is included at the end of this document)

d. DuPont analysis; return on equity and return on assets

5. Adjustments to historic and forecast financial statements

a. Normalizing

b. Control vs. non-control

c. Separation of operating and non-operating items

d. Off balance sheet items

1) Other adjustments

2) Implied tax adjustments

3) Inusual and/or non-recurring items

4) GAAP based adjustments

Section II. Implementation of Valuation Methods (Exam Part 2 — 50%)

This section covers knowledge of the three primary approaches to value; intellectual property and intangible assets; levels of
value; discounts; premiums and the conclusion of value.

A. Valuation approaches

1. Income approach

a. General theory

b. Sources of data

c. Commonly used methods

1) Capitalized economic income/cash flow method (CCF), including Gordon Growth Model (consistent growth model)

2) Discounted economic income/cash flow method (DCF), including Gordon Growth Model (two-stage model)

3) Excess earnings method (hybrid method)

d. Commonly used models — direct equity model versus invested capital model

e. Types of benefit streams and selection

f. Cost of capital concepts and methodology and other models

1) Capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and beta (B) including unlevering and relevering betas

2) Build-up method

3) Duff and Phelps risk premiums

4) Weighted average cost of capital

5) Understanding the security market

6) Understanding option pricing theory

g. Selection of appropriate time (including mid-year convention)

2. Market approach

a. General theory

b. Sources of data

c. Commonly used methods

1) Transactions in subject companys stock

2) Guideline publicly traded company method

3) Guideline merged and acquired company (transaction) method

d. Selecting guideline companies

e. Statistics related to valuation analysis

1) Understanding measures of central tendency (e.g., Arithmetic, harmonic and geometric means and median)

2) Understanding measures of dispersion (e.g., Variance and standard deviation)

3) Understanding statistical strengths of numerical relationships (including covariance, correlation, coefficient of determination and coefficient of variation)

4) Understanding linear regression

f. Equity versus invested capital (including price multiples)

g. Selection of appropriate time periods

h. Selection and adjustment of appropriate multiples

Understanding Business Valuation: A Practical

Guide to Valuing Small to Medium-Sized

Businesses, chapters 9 and 10

Financial Valuation: Applications and Models, chapter 8

3. Asset approach

a. General theory

b. Sources of data

c. Adjusted (net) asset method

d. Considerations in liquidation

e. Issues in valuing intangible assets

f. Tax affecting the balance sheet

B. Intellectual property and other intangible assets

1. Valuation approaches and methods

2. Valuing specific intangible assets

Understanding Business Valuation: A Practical

Guide to Valuing Small to Medium-Sized

Businesses, chapter 20

Financial Valuation: Applications

and Models, chapter 24

C. Discounts, premiums and other adjustments

1. Levels of value appropriate to the engagement

a. Control strategic (public or private company)

b. Minority/control standalone liquid (public company)

c. Control liquid (private company)

d. Control standalone (private company)

e. Minority non-marketable (private company)

2. Discount for lack of control (DLOC) and control premium

a. Sources of data

b. Ownership characteristics

c. Magnitude

3. Discount for lack of marketability (DLOM)

a. Sources of data

b. Ownership characteristics

c. Restrictions and transferability

d. Magnitude

4. Discount and premiums — understanding the empirical studies

5. Allocation between voting and non-voting stock

6. Other valuation discounts and adjustments

a. Market absorption and blockage discounts

b. Key person/thin management discounts

c. Built-in gains tax discount

d. Nonvoting stock discount

Understanding Business Valuation: A Practical

Guide to Valuing Small to Medium-Sized

Businesses, chapters 14 and 15

Financial Valuation: Applications

and Models, chapter 10

D. Conclusion of value

1. Reconciliation of indicated values

2. Reasonableness of conclusion



Killexams Review | Reputation | Testimonials | Feedback


Want up to date braindumps for ABV exam? here it is.
Killexams.com is the best IT test prep provider I have come across. With my ABV test a few days away, I feel well-prepared and reassured after reading all the positive reviews. The test simulator is user-friendly and easy to remember questions and answers. Consistent practice helps you grasp the concepts better, and I have had a great experience with Killexams so far.


Updated and real test latest ABV test.
My experience with Killexams was very satisfying. I used their practice resources for the ABV test and found the test guides and test engine to be very detailed. Thanks to this, I was able to become proficient in the ABV test curriculum in just a few days and received a great score on the certification exam. I am grateful to everyone who contributed to the Killexams platform.


I found this great place for ABV braindumps
I am grateful for the excellent ABV test preparation option provided by killexams.com. The ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS were actual, and I contacted customer support before making a purchase to ensure that the material was up-to-date. They assured me that they update all exams almost every day, and it was true. The test brain sell-off was worth buying because I could rely on the cutting-edge test material. I am confident that I will use killexams.com as my primary training resource to expand my certification portfolio into other providers.


Found an authentic source for real ABV test questions.
Overall, killexams.com was an incredible resource for me to prepare for the ABV exam. Although all the questions on the test were not identical to what was provided by killexams.com, over 70% were similar, which was quite impressive. Although I managed to pass the exam, I still believe that one should not rely solely on this platform and should use their own intellect and study materials to achieve success.


Little effort, massive output, excellent Questions/answers.
We need to learn how to choose their thoughts in the same way that they pick their clothes every day. That is the power they can possess. Having said that, if they want to achieve things in their life, they must work hard to understand all its powers. I did so and worked hard on killexams.com to achieve a fantastic result in the ABV test with the help of killexams.com, which proved to be a highly effective and excellent program for achieving a desirable role in the ABV exam. It was a perfect application that made my life easy.


AICPA - teaching

http://www.pass4surez.com/art/read.php?keyword=AICPA+-+teaching
https://www.pass4surez.com/art/read.php?keyword=AICPA+-+teaching&lang=us&links=remove



Whilst it is very hard task to choose reliable test Dumps resources regarding review, reputation and validity because people get ripoff due to choosing incorrect service. Killexams make it sure to provide its clients far better to their resources with respect to ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS update and validity. Most of other peoples ripoff report complaint clients come to us for the brain dumps and pass their exams enjoyably and easily. They never compromise on their review, reputation and quality because killexams review, killexams reputation and killexams client self confidence is important to all of us. Specially they manage killexams.com review, killexams.com reputation, killexams.com ripoff report complaint, killexams.com trust, killexams.com validity, killexams.com report and killexams scam. If perhaps you see any bogus report posted by their competitor with the name killexams ripoff report complaint internet, killexams.com ripoff report, killexams.com scam, killexams.com complaint or something like this, just keep in mind that there are always bad people damaging reputation of good services due to their benefits. There are a large number of satisfied customers that pass their exams using killexams.com brain dumps, killexams PDF questions, killexams practice questions, killexams test simulator. Visit their test questions and demo brain dumps, their test simulator and you will definitely know that killexams.com is the best brain dumps site.

Which is the best dumps website?
Indeed, Killexams is 100 percent legit together with fully dependable. There are several includes that makes killexams.com genuine and legitimate. It provides updated and 100 percent valid ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS that contains real exams questions and answers. Price is very low as compared to almost all services on internet. The Dumps are modified on ordinary basis utilizing most exact brain dumps. Killexams account set up and merchandise delivery can be quite fast. Report downloading is normally unlimited and very fast. Support is avaiable via Livechat and Email. These are the characteristics that makes killexams.com a sturdy website that include ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS with real exams questions.



Is killexams.com test material dependable?
There are several Dumps provider in the market claiming that they provide genuine test Questions, Braindumps, Practice Tests, Study Guides, cheat sheet and many other names, but most of them are re-sellers that do not update their contents frequently. Killexams.com is best website of Year 2024 that understands the issue candidates face when they spend their time studying obsolete contents taken from free pdf obtain sites or reseller sites. Thats why killexams.com update test Dumps with the same frequency as they are updated in Real Test. ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS provided by killexams.com are Reliable, Up-to-date and validated by Certified Professionals. They maintain dumps questions of valid Questions that is kept up-to-date by checking update on daily basis.

If you want to Pass your test Fast with improvement in your knowledge about latest course contents and syllabus of new syllabus, They recommend to obtain PDF test Questions from killexams.com and get ready for genuine exam. When you feel that you should register for Premium Version, Just choose visit killexams.com and register, you will receive your Username/Password in your Email within 5 to 10 minutes. All the future updates and changes in Dumps will be provided in your obtain Account. You can obtain Premium ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS files as many times as you want, There is no limit.

Killexams.com has provided VCE practice test Software to Practice your test by Taking Test Frequently. It asks the Real test Questions and Marks Your Progress. You can take test as many times as you want. There is no limit. It will make your test prep very fast and effective. When you start getting 100% Marks with complete Pool of Questions, you will be ready to take genuine Test. Go register for Test in Exam Center and Enjoy your Success.




C1000-155 Free PDF | ASVAB questions obtain | CHPLN practice questions | CWSS-102 braindumps | 300-615 Cheatsheet | TM12 brain dumps | CTFL-AuT test prep | DSA-C02 practice test | A00-280 genuine Questions | HPE0-S60 PDF Questions | CNS Dumps | 5V0-41.21 free prep | A8 dumps questions | CCN cheat sheet | TCP-BW6 braindumps | SEND test Braindumps | S2000-013 practice questions | 4A0-C01 model question | NCLEX-RN test Questions | 2B0-202 demo test questions |


ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) syllabus
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) teaching
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) dumps
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Real test Questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) test Braindumps
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Free test PDF
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) study tips
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) test Questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) braindumps
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) test contents
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) learn
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Latest Topics
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) education
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Practice Questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Free PDF
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) braindumps
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Practice Questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) test format
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) PDF Download
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) information search
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) information search
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) information hunger
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) information hunger
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) guide
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) braindumps
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) course outline
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Practice Questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) outline
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) education
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) techniques
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) PDF Questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Cheatsheet
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) testing
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) genuine Questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) learning
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Study Guide
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) test Questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) information hunger
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Free PDF
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) Free PDF
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) questions
ABV - AICPA - Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) test success

Other AICPA ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS


PCAP-31-03 braindumps | CPA-REG brain dumps | PCEP-30-01 real questions | BEC test prep | CPA-AUD pass exam | FAR practice exam | ABV test answers |


Best ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS You Ever Experienced


CRNE study guide | FINRA test questions | 300-535 test prep | AMWA-MWC question test | H13-711_V3.0-ENU practice questions | BPM-001 dumps questions | GP-Doctor PDF Braindumps | 78201X ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS | AZ-600 test questions | ICDL-ACCESS study guide | SABE201 Practice Test | 090-554 free practice tests | 700-765 Dumps | CLSSYB certification sample | NAWCO-AWCC test results | PAS-C01 Latest Topics | NCBDE-CDE braindumps | CIA-III practice test | 350-701 cram | 33810X practice exam |





References :


https://killexams-posting.dropmark.com/817438/23586887
https://killexams-posting.dropmark.com/817438/23623365
http://killexams-braindumps.blogspot.com/2020/06/once-you-memorize-these-abv-real-exam.html
https://www.instapaper.com/read/1317702749
https://youtu.be/kw_Ib1wOs3U
https://www.coursehero.com/file/72435506/Certified-Associate-in-Project-Management-CAPM-CAPMpdf/
https://sites.google.com/view/killexams-abv-latest-questions
http://feeds.feedburner.com/SearchingForAbvExamDumpsThatWorksInRealExam
https://files.fm/f/uaahraqvq



Similar Websites :
Pass4sure Certification ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
Pass4Sure test Questions and Dumps






Direct Download

ABV Reviews by Customers

Customer Reviews help to evaluate the exam performance in real test. Here all the reviews, reputation, success stories and ripoff reports provided.

ABV Reviews

100% Valid and Up to Date ABV Exam Questions

We hereby announce with the collaboration of world's leader in Certification Exam Dumps and Real Exam Questions with Practice Tests that, we offer Real Exam Questions of thousands of Certification Exams Free PDF with up to date VCE exam simulator Software.

Warum sind Cyberrisiken so schwer greifbar?

Als mehr oder weniger neuartiges Phänomen stellen Cyberrisiken Unternehmen und Versicherer vor besondere Herausforderungen. Nicht nur die neuen Schadenszenarien sind abstrakter oder noch nicht bekannt. Häufig sind immaterielle Werte durch Cyberrisiken in Gefahr. Diese wertvollen Vermögensgegenstände sind schwer bewertbar.

Obwohl die Gefahr durchaus wahrgenommen wird, unterschätzen viele Firmen ihr eigenes Risiko. Dies liegt unter anderem auch an den Veröffentlichungen zu Cyberrisiken. In der Presse finden sich unzählige Berichte von Cyberattacken auf namhafte und große Unternehmen. Den Weg in die Presse finden eben nur die spektakulären Fälle. Die dort genannten Schadenszenarien werden dann für das eigene Unternehmen als unrealistisch eingestuft. Die für die KMU nicht minder gefährlichen Cyber­attacken werden nur selten publiziert.

Aufgrund der fehlenden öffentlichen Meldungen von Sicherheitsvorfällen an Sicherheitsbehörden und wegen der fehlenden Presseberichte fällt es schwer, Fakten und Zahlen zur Risikolage zu erheben. Aber ohne diese Grundlage fällt es schwer, in entsprechende Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu investieren.

Erklärungsleitfaden anhand eines Ursache-Wirkungs-Modells

Häufig nähert man sich dem Thema Cyberrisiko anlass- oder eventbezogen, also wenn sich neue Schaden­szenarien wie die weltweite WannaCry-Attacke entwickeln. Häufig wird auch akteursgebunden beleuchtet, wer Angreifer oder Opfer sein kann. Dadurch begrenzt man sich bei dem Thema häufig zu sehr nur auf die Cyberkriminalität. Um dem Thema Cyberrisiko jedoch gerecht zu werden, müssen auch weitere Ursachen hinzugezogen werden.

Mit einer Kategorisierung kann das Thema ganzheitlich und nachvollziehbar strukturiert werden. Ebenso hilft eine solche Kategorisierung dabei, eine Abgrenzung vorzunehmen, für welche Gefahren Versicherungsschutz über eine etwaige Cyberversicherung besteht und für welche nicht.

Die Ursachen sind dabei die Risiken, während finanzielle bzw. nicht finanzielle Verluste die Wirkungen sind. Cyberrisiken werden demnach in zwei Hauptursachen eingeteilt. Auf der einen Seite sind die nicht kriminellen Ursachen und auf der anderen Seite die kriminellen Ursachen zu nennen. Beide Ursachen können dabei in drei Untergruppen unterteilt werden.

Nicht kriminelle Ursachen

Höhere Gewalt

Häufig hat man bei dem Thema Cyberrisiko nur die kriminellen Ursachen vor Augen. Aber auch höhere Gewalt kann zu einem empfindlichen Datenverlust führen oder zumindest die Verfügbarkeit von Daten einschränken, indem Rechenzentren durch Naturkatastrophen wie beispielsweise Überschwemmungen oder Erdbeben zerstört werden. Ebenso sind Stromausfälle denkbar.

Menschliches Versagen/Fehlverhalten

Als Cyberrisiken sind auch unbeabsichtigtes und menschliches Fehlverhalten denkbar. Hierunter könnte das versehentliche Veröffentlichen von sensiblen Informationen fallen. Möglich sind eine falsche Adressierung, Wahl einer falschen Faxnummer oder das Hochladen sensibler Daten auf einen öffentlichen Bereich der Homepage.

Technisches Versagen

Auch Hardwaredefekte können zu einem herben Datenverlust führen. Neben einem Überhitzen von Rechnern sind Kurzschlüsse in Systemtechnik oder sogenannte Headcrashes von Festplatten denkbare Szenarien.

Kriminelle Ursachen

Hackerangriffe

Hackerangriffe oder Cyberattacken sind in der Regel die Szenarien, die die Presse dominieren. Häufig wird von spektakulären Datendiebstählen auf große Firmen oder von weltweiten Angriffen mit sogenannten Kryptotrojanern berichtet. Opfer kann am Ende aber jeder werden. Ziele, Methoden und auch das Interesse sind vielfältig. Neben dem finanziellen Interesse können Hackerangriffe auch zur Spionage oder Sabotage eingesetzt werden. Mögliche Hackermethoden sind unter anderem: Social Engineering, Trojaner, DoS-Attacken oder Viren.

Physischer Angriff

Die Zielsetzung eines physischen Angriffs ist ähnlich dem eines Hacker­angriffs. Dabei wird nicht auf die Tools eines Hackerangriffs zurückgegriffen, sondern durch das physische Eindringen in Unternehmensgebäude das Ziel erreicht. Häufig sind es Mitarbeiter, die vertrauliche Informationen stehlen, da sie bereits den notwendigen Zugang zu den Daten besitzen.

Erpressung

Obwohl die Erpressung aufgrund der eingesetzten Methoden auch als Hacker­angriff gewertet werden könnte, ergibt eine Differenzierung Sinn. Erpressungsfälle durch Kryptotrojaner sind eines der häufigsten Schadenszenarien für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen. Außerdem sind auch Erpressungsfälle denkbar, bei denen sensible Daten gestohlen wurden und ein Lösegeld gefordert wird, damit sie nicht veröffentlicht oder weiterverkauft werden.

Ihre Cyberversicherung sollte zumindet folgende Schäden abdecken:

Cyber-Kosten:

  • Soforthilfe und Forensik-Kosten (Kosten der Ursachenermittlung, Benachrichtigungskosten und Callcenter-Leistung)
  • Krisenkommunikation / PR-Maßnahmen
  • Systemverbesserungen nach einer Cyber-Attacke
  • Aufwendungen vor Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls

Cyber-Drittschäden (Haftpflicht):

  • Befriedigung oder Abwehr von Ansprüchen Dritter
  • Rechtswidrige elektronische Kommunikation
  • Ansprüche der E-Payment-Serviceprovider
  • Vertragsstrafe wegen der Verletzung von Geheimhaltungspflichten und Datenschutzvereinbarungen
  • Vertragliche Schadenersatzansprüche
  • Vertragliche Haftpflicht bei Datenverarbeitung durch Dritte
  • Rechtsverteidigungskosten

Cyber-Eigenschäden:

  • Betriebsunterbrechung
  • Betriebsunterbrechung durch Ausfall von Dienstleister (optional)
  • Mehrkosten
  • Wiederherstellung von Daten (auch Entfernen der Schadsoftware)
  • Cyber-Diebstahl: elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr, fehlerhafter Versand von Waren, Telefon-Mehrkosten/erhöhte Nutzungsentgelte
  • Cyber-Erpressung
  • Entschädigung mit Strafcharakter/Bußgeld
  • Ersatz-IT-Hardware
  • Cyber-Betrug