Was ist das eigentlich? Cyberrisiken verständlich erklärt
Es wird viel über Cyberrisiken gesprochen. Oftmals fehlt aber das grundsätzliche Verständnis, was Cyberrisiken überhaupt sind. Ohne diese zu verstehen, lässt sich aber auch kein Versicherungsschutz gestalten.
Beinahe alle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens können heute über das Internet abgewickelt werden. Online-Shopping und Online-Banking sind im Alltag angekommen. Diese Entwicklung trifft längst nicht nur auf Privatleute, sondern auch auf Firmen zu. Das Schlagwort Industrie 4.0 verheißt bereits eine zunehmende Vernetzung diverser geschäftlicher Vorgänge über das Internet.
Anbieter von Cyberversicherungen für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) haben Versicherungen die Erfahrung gemacht, dass trotz dieser eindeutigen Entwicklung Cyberrisiken immer noch unterschätzt werden, da sie als etwas Abstraktes wahrgenommen werden. Für KMU kann dies ein gefährlicher Trugschluss sein, da gerade hier Cyberattacken existenzbedrohende Ausmaße annehmen können. So wird noch häufig gefragt, was Cyberrisiken eigentlich sind. Diese Frage ist mehr als verständlich, denn ohne (Cyber-)Risiken bestünde auch kein Bedarf für eine (Cyber-)Versicherung.
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BPM-001 test Format | BPM-001 Course Contents | BPM-001 Course Outline | BPM-001 test Syllabus | BPM-001 test Objectives
Exam: BPM-001 Business Process Manager (BPM)
Exam Details:
- Number of Questions: The exact number of questions may vary, but the test typically consists of multiple-choice questions.
- Time: Candidates are usually given a specific time duration to complete the exam.
Course Outline:
The BPM-001 Business Process Manager certification course is designed to validate candidates' knowledge and skills in business process management. The course outline includes the following topics:
1. Introduction to Business Process Management
- Understanding the concept and benefits of business process management
- Roles and responsibilities of a business process manager
- Key components of business process management systems
2. Business Process Analysis and Design
- Identifying and documenting business processes
- Analyzing and modeling business processes using BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation)
- Business process improvement techniques and methodologies
3. Business Process Implementation
- Translating process models into executable processes
- Workflow automation and integration with IT systems
- Process monitoring and control
4. Business Process Optimization
- Identifying process bottlenecks and inefficiencies
- Lean and Six Sigma principles in process improvement
- Performance measurement and continuous improvement
5. Business Process Governance and Compliance
- Establishing process governance frameworks
- Compliance with regulations and standards
- Risk management in business processes
Exam Objectives:
The BPM-001 test aims to assess candidates' understanding of business process management principles and their ability to effectively manage and optimize business processes. The test objectives include:
1. Understanding the fundamentals of business process management and its role in organizational success.
2. Analyzing and designing business processes using appropriate modeling techniques.
3. Implementing business processes through workflow automation and integration with IT systems.
4. Identifying and addressing process inefficiencies and bottlenecks through optimization techniques.
5. Establishing process governance frameworks and ensuring compliance with regulations and standards.
Exam Syllabus:
The test syllabus covers the following topics:
- Introduction to Business Process Management
- Business Process Analysis and Design
- Business Process Implementation
- Business Process Optimization
- Business Process Governance and Compliance
Candidates are expected to have a comprehensive understanding of these Topics and demonstrate their ability to apply business process management principles in real-world scenarios. The test assesses their knowledge, critical thinking skills, and ability to effectively manage and optimize business processes within an organization.
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Small Business Networking Roundtable TopicsBased in North Carolina, Felicia Greene has written professionally since 1986. Greene edited sailing-related newsletters and designed marketing programs for the New Bern, N.C. "Sun Journal" and New Bern Habitat ReStore. She earned a Bachelor of Science in business administration from the University of Baltimore. Business SchoolNo result found, try new keyword!The Latest An MBA specialization can help business grads stand out to job recruiters, experts say. MBA programs are typically fast-paced and demanding, so consider taking time off before you start.Candace OwensThe latest on writer and political commentator Candace Owens. She previously served as the communications director for the conservative group Turning Point USA. Commentator Candace Owens has praised the UFC president for his response to a race question following a spat between Dricus Du Plessis and Israel Adesanya. By James Brinsford On 8/15/23 at 12:11 PM EDT Lizzo is being sued by three of her former dancers who accused the singer of body shaming and sexual harassment. By Shannon Power On 8/4/23 at 6:40 AM EDT The comedian has had a number of spirited discussions with guests on "The Joe Rogan Experience" over the years. By Ryan Smith On 8/3/23 at 5:00 AM EDT The conservative commentator criticized Russell after police said on Wednesday that they could not confirm her claims that she was abducted last week. By Kaitlin Lewis On 7/19/23 at 10:12 PM EDT "I'm so sick of the 'trans community' pretending they are black people surviving the klan in the 1920's," conservative commentator Owens tweeted. By Ryan Smith On 6/30/23 at 5:50 AM EDT The conservative pundit said the Court's decision will remove "the bigotry of low expectations" against Black students. By Jon Jackson On 6/29/23 at 12:52 PM EDT Conservative commentator Candace Owens weighed in on the vaccine debate and said her kids are unvaccinated. By Jamie Burton On 6/28/23 at 5:36 AM EDT Celebrities and broadcasters have been offering their opinions on the death of five people in the OceanGate Titan submersible. By Jamie Burton On 6/23/23 at 8:45 AM EDT Owens generated a wave of backlash on Monday was she mocked Juneteenth as "ghetto and made up." By Thomas Kika On 6/20/23 at 6:07 PM EDT The conservative commentator faced criticism for calling the holiday commemorating the end of slavery "still ghetto and made up." By Andrew Stanton On 6/19/23 at 4:58 PM EDT "I want [YouTube] to know that you cannot compel me to lie for a living," Owens said on her podcast. "I'm not a buck that can be broken." By Ryan Smith On 6/13/23 at 10:25 AM EDT "They want us to look at a little girl and say, 'No, you are a little boy,'" the conservative commentator said on her Daily Wire show. By Ryan Smith On 6/8/23 at 7:17 AM EDT "I guess Lizzo wasn't lying when she said 'truth hurts,'" Owens wrote after learning that Lizzo had blocked her on Twitter. By Ryan Smith On 6/2/23 at 10:35 AM EDT "Some of you guys did not understand the danger of a grown man like Dylan Mulvaney self-identifying as a little girl" tweeted Owens as she criticized Mulvaney. By Ryan Smith On 5/30/23 at 12:04 PM EDT In reaction to Target's new LGBTQ+ Pride Month range, Owens tweeted that the retailer is "worthy of being [boycotted] out of existence." By Ryan Smith On 5/26/23 at 5:17 AM EDT Target's new range of clothing and accessories, released for LGBTQ+ Pride Month, has led to backlash against the retail giant. By Ryan Smith On 5/22/23 at 10:01 AM EDT Conservative commentator Owens, who is a frequent critic of Zelensky, has launched a fresh attack on the Ukrainian leader. By Ryan Smith On 5/19/23 at 7:37 AM EDT The political influencer is facing continued backlash over a leaked video that showed him engaged in a heated exchange with then-pregnant wife Hilary Crowder. By Ryan Smith On 5/3/23 at 5:21 AM EDT "How can you look at that video and defend him in any way?" Owens said on her show. By Ryan Smith On 4/28/23 at 1:39 PM EDT A newly surfaced clip of the conservative commentator's alleged "emotional abuse" is causing outrage online. By Anna Skinner On 4/28/23 at 12:53 PM EDT "Spending more days out of your state than in it is not right," Owens said about the Florida governor's trip to Japan, South Korea, Israel and the U.K. By Katherine Fung On 4/26/23 at 4:12 PM EDT The conservative firebrands have have taken aim at one another with a series of barbs usually reserved for their political opponents. By Ryan Smith On 4/26/23 at 8:19 AM EDT Baldwin's lawyers on Thursday said manslaughter charges against the star were dropped. By Jon Jackson On 4/20/23 at 5:08 PM EDT Owens' husband, George Farmer, got more than he likely bargained for when he reached out to David Netto about prospective work on their home. By Ryan Smith On 4/6/23 at 6:52 AM EDT Police officers said Audrey Hale, 28, was believed to identify as male during the shooting at the private school that left three children and three adults dead. By Shannon Power On 3/28/23 at 6:52 AM EDT The conservative commentator slammed a fashion campaign with models in wheelchairs as "ridiculous." By Shannon Power On 3/24/23 at 6:16 AM EDT The model in the advert labeled Owens' comments as "disgraceful" and slammed the commentator as a "loose cannon." By Shannon Power On 3/23/23 at 9:38 AM EDT Conservative commentator Owens weighed in after footage of Barrymore interviewing transgender influencer Dylan Mulvaney was shared on Twitter. By Ryan Smith On 3/15/23 at 8:31 AM EDT Conservative commentator Owens has directed criticism at Zelensky in reaction to a report that he was pitched to appear at this weekend's Academy Awards. By Ryan Smith On 3/10/23 at 9:52 AM EST "If I could get away with punching one person in the face and have no consequences, it would be President Zelensky," Owens said on her Daily Wire show. By Ryan Smith On 3/3/23 at 5:20 AM EST CHOOSE YOUR SUBSCRIPTION PREMIUM DIGITAL+ Ad Free NEWSLETTER BEST OF NEWSWEEK VIA EMAIL Join half a million readers enjoying Newsweek's free newsletters © 2023 NEWSWEEK DIGITAL LLC |
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Warum sind Cyberrisiken so schwer greifbar?
Als mehr oder weniger neuartiges Phänomen stellen Cyberrisiken Unternehmen und Versicherer vor besondere Herausforderungen. Nicht nur die neuen Schadenszenarien sind abstrakter oder noch nicht bekannt. Häufig sind immaterielle Werte durch Cyberrisiken in Gefahr. Diese wertvollen Vermögensgegenstände sind schwer bewertbar.
Obwohl die Gefahr durchaus wahrgenommen wird, unterschätzen viele Firmen ihr eigenes Risiko. Dies liegt unter anderem auch an den Veröffentlichungen zu Cyberrisiken. In der Presse finden sich unzählige Berichte von Cyberattacken auf namhafte und große Unternehmen. Den Weg in die Presse finden eben nur die spektakulären Fälle. Die dort genannten Schadenszenarien werden dann für das eigene Unternehmen als unrealistisch eingestuft. Die für die KMU nicht minder gefährlichen Cyberattacken werden nur selten publiziert.
Aufgrund der fehlenden öffentlichen Meldungen von Sicherheitsvorfällen an Sicherheitsbehörden und wegen der fehlenden Presseberichte fällt es schwer, Fakten und Zahlen zur Risikolage zu erheben. Aber ohne diese Grundlage fällt es schwer, in entsprechende Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu investieren.
Erklärungsleitfaden anhand eines Ursache-Wirkungs-Modells
Häufig nähert man sich dem Thema Cyberrisiko anlass- oder eventbezogen, also wenn sich neue Schadenszenarien wie die weltweite WannaCry-Attacke entwickeln. Häufig wird auch akteursgebunden beleuchtet, wer Angreifer oder Opfer sein kann. Dadurch begrenzt man sich bei dem Thema häufig zu sehr nur auf die Cyberkriminalität. Um dem Thema Cyberrisiko jedoch gerecht zu werden, müssen auch weitere Ursachen hinzugezogen werden.
Mit einer Kategorisierung kann das Thema ganzheitlich und nachvollziehbar strukturiert werden. Ebenso hilft eine solche Kategorisierung dabei, eine Abgrenzung vorzunehmen, für welche Gefahren Versicherungsschutz über eine etwaige Cyberversicherung besteht und für welche nicht.
Die Ursachen sind dabei die Risiken, während finanzielle bzw. nicht finanzielle Verluste die Wirkungen sind. Cyberrisiken werden demnach in zwei Hauptursachen eingeteilt. Auf der einen Seite sind die nicht kriminellen Ursachen und auf der anderen Seite die kriminellen Ursachen zu nennen. Beide Ursachen können dabei in drei Untergruppen unterteilt werden.
Nicht kriminelle Ursachen
Höhere Gewalt
Häufig hat man bei dem Thema Cyberrisiko nur die kriminellen Ursachen vor Augen. Aber auch höhere Gewalt kann zu einem empfindlichen Datenverlust führen oder zumindest die Verfügbarkeit von Daten einschränken, indem Rechenzentren durch Naturkatastrophen wie beispielsweise Überschwemmungen oder Erdbeben zerstört werden. Ebenso sind Stromausfälle denkbar.
Menschliches Versagen/Fehlverhalten
Als Cyberrisiken sind auch unbeabsichtigtes und menschliches Fehlverhalten denkbar. Hierunter könnte das versehentliche Veröffentlichen von sensiblen Informationen fallen. Möglich sind eine falsche Adressierung, Wahl einer falschen Faxnummer oder das Hochladen sensibler Daten auf einen öffentlichen Bereich der Homepage.
Technisches Versagen
Auch Hardwaredefekte können zu einem herben Datenverlust führen. Neben einem Überhitzen von Rechnern sind Kurzschlüsse in Systemtechnik oder sogenannte Headcrashes von Festplatten denkbare Szenarien.
Kriminelle Ursachen
Hackerangriffe
Hackerangriffe oder Cyberattacken sind in der Regel die Szenarien, die die Presse dominieren. Häufig wird von spektakulären Datendiebstählen auf große Firmen oder von weltweiten Angriffen mit sogenannten Kryptotrojanern berichtet. Opfer kann am Ende aber jeder werden. Ziele, Methoden und auch das Interesse sind vielfältig. Neben dem finanziellen Interesse können Hackerangriffe auch zur Spionage oder Sabotage eingesetzt werden. Mögliche Hackermethoden sind unter anderem: Social Engineering, Trojaner, DoS-Attacken oder Viren.
Physischer Angriff
Die Zielsetzung eines physischen Angriffs ist ähnlich dem eines Hackerangriffs. Dabei wird nicht auf die Tools eines Hackerangriffs zurückgegriffen, sondern durch das physische Eindringen in Unternehmensgebäude das Ziel erreicht. Häufig sind es Mitarbeiter, die vertrauliche Informationen stehlen, da sie bereits den notwendigen Zugang zu den Daten besitzen.
Erpressung
Obwohl die Erpressung aufgrund der eingesetzten Methoden auch als Hackerangriff gewertet werden könnte, ergibt eine Differenzierung Sinn. Erpressungsfälle durch Kryptotrojaner sind eines der häufigsten Schadenszenarien für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen. Außerdem sind auch Erpressungsfälle denkbar, bei denen sensible Daten gestohlen wurden und ein Lösegeld gefordert wird, damit sie nicht veröffentlicht oder weiterverkauft werden.
Ihre Cyberversicherung sollte zumindet folgende Schäden abdecken:
Cyber-Kosten:
- Soforthilfe und Forensik-Kosten (Kosten der Ursachenermittlung, Benachrichtigungskosten und Callcenter-Leistung)
- Krisenkommunikation / PR-Maßnahmen
- Systemverbesserungen nach einer Cyber-Attacke
- Aufwendungen vor Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls
Cyber-Drittschäden (Haftpflicht):
- Befriedigung oder Abwehr von Ansprüchen Dritter
- Rechtswidrige elektronische Kommunikation
- Ansprüche der E-Payment-Serviceprovider
- Vertragsstrafe wegen der Verletzung von Geheimhaltungspflichten und Datenschutzvereinbarungen
- Vertragliche Schadenersatzansprüche
- Vertragliche Haftpflicht bei Datenverarbeitung durch Dritte
- Rechtsverteidigungskosten
Cyber-Eigenschäden:
- Betriebsunterbrechung
- Betriebsunterbrechung durch Ausfall von Dienstleister (optional)
- Mehrkosten
- Wiederherstellung von Daten (auch Entfernen der Schadsoftware)
- Cyber-Diebstahl: elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr, fehlerhafter Versand von Waren, Telefon-Mehrkosten/erhöhte Nutzungsentgelte
- Cyber-Erpressung
- Entschädigung mit Strafcharakter/Bußgeld
- Ersatz-IT-Hardware
- Cyber-Betrug