Was ist das eigentlich? Cyberrisiken verständlich erklärt
Es wird viel über Cyberrisiken gesprochen. Oftmals fehlt aber das grundsätzliche Verständnis, was Cyberrisiken überhaupt sind. Ohne diese zu verstehen, lässt sich aber auch kein Versicherungsschutz gestalten.
Beinahe alle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens können heute über das Internet abgewickelt werden. Online-Shopping und Online-Banking sind im Alltag angekommen. Diese Entwicklung trifft längst nicht nur auf Privatleute, sondern auch auf Firmen zu. Das Schlagwort Industrie 4.0 verheißt bereits eine zunehmende Vernetzung diverser geschäftlicher Vorgänge über das Internet.
Anbieter von Cyberversicherungen für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) haben Versicherungen die Erfahrung gemacht, dass trotz dieser eindeutigen Entwicklung Cyberrisiken immer noch unterschätzt werden, da sie als etwas Abstraktes wahrgenommen werden. Für KMU kann dies ein gefährlicher Trugschluss sein, da gerade hier Cyberattacken existenzbedrohende Ausmaße annehmen können. So wird noch häufig gefragt, was Cyberrisiken eigentlich sind. Diese Frage ist mehr als verständlich, denn ohne (Cyber-)Risiken bestünde auch kein Bedarf für eine (Cyber-)Versicherung.
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Exam Number : CBAF-001
Exam Name : Certified Business Analyst Foundation
Vendor Name : GAQM
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CBAF-001 exam Format | CBAF-001 Course Contents | CBAF-001 Course Outline | CBAF-001 exam Syllabus | CBAF-001 exam Objectives
Exam Detail:
The Certified Business Analyst Foundation (CBAF-001) exam is designed to assess the foundational knowledge and skills of business analysts. It tests the candidates' understanding of key concepts, techniques, and practices in business analysis. Here are the exam details for the CBAF-001 certification:
- Number of Questions: The exam typically consists of multiple-choice questions. The exact number of questions may vary, but typically, the exam includes around 40 to 60 questions.
- Time Limit: The time allocated to complete the exam is 90 minutes (1 hour and 30 minutes).
Course Outline:
The CBAF-001 certification course covers essential Topics related to business analysis. The course outline typically includes the following areas:
1. Introduction to Business Analysis:
- Understanding the role of a business analyst and the value they bring to an organization.
- Overview of the business analysis process and its key activities.
2. Requirements Elicitation and Analysis:
- Techniques for gathering and documenting business requirements.
- Analyzing and prioritizing requirements to ensure alignment with business objectives.
3. Modeling and Documentation:
- Using various modeling techniques, such as process modeling and data modeling, to represent business requirements.
- Creating clear and comprehensive documentation to communicate requirements effectively.
4. Solution Assessment and Validation:
- Evaluating potential solutions and assessing their feasibility and impact.
- Verifying and validating solutions to ensure they meet the identified business needs.
5. Stakeholder Engagement and Communication:
- Building effective relationships with stakeholders and facilitating productive communication.
- Managing conflicts and addressing stakeholder concerns throughout the project lifecycle.
6. Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring:
- Developing a business analysis plan and defining the scope, objectives, and deliverables of a project.
- Monitoring and controlling the progress of business analysis activities.
Exam Objectives:
The objectives of the CBAF-001 exam are as follows:
- Assessing candidates' understanding of the foundational concepts, principles, and techniques of business analysis.
- Evaluating candidates' knowledge of requirements elicitation, analysis, and documentation.
- Testing candidates' ability to assess and validate solutions and engage with stakeholders effectively.
- Assessing candidates' understanding of business analysis planning and monitoring practices.
Exam Syllabus:
The specific exam syllabus for the CBAF-001 certification covers the following topics:
1. Introduction to Business Analysis
2. Requirements Elicitation and Analysis
3. Modeling and Documentation
4. Solution Assessment and Validation
5. Stakeholder Engagement and Communication
6. Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring
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GAQM Analyst dumps
Hard to make sense of ESPN decisionNEW YORK -- While recently going public with their new NBA broadcast teams, ESPN's Bristol Faculty didn't add laser beam focus on why they unceremoniously dumped Jeff Van Gundy and Mark Jackson, who teamed with Mike Breen for nearly two decades as the network's No. 1 NBA trio. During that time, the three voices authored a memorable partnership. Historically speaking, they will go down as one of the best microphone combinations in the industry and the best ESPN has presented in any sport. It's rare for a network to strike this brand of gold. Even rarer to strike gold than flush it down the toilet. Under ESPN's watch, Van Gundy became a star. Nonetheless, the suits decided their NBA product could do without his unique personality, something that can't be taught or duplicated. Both JVG and Jax are genuine. Yet the sum of this gang was greater than any individual part. It was a compelling team, in the truest sense. At any moment, the insight -- or humor -- could be delivered by any one of the three. If there was any ego, it didn't come across on the air. While JVG wasn't averse to shining a light on NBA controversy, that might have not played well in the league office, the broadcasters never attempted to become bigger than the game or the stars that play it. Chemistry is a word that gets blown around like feathers in the wind. Van Gundy, Jackson and Breen actually had it. Considering the way ESPN suits were kvelling about their performance throughout the NBA Finals, they never lost it. During a accurate conference call, David Roberts, ESPN's head of event and studio production who is in charge of NBA coverage, mentioned the importance of "chemistry" as it applies to ESPN's "new" No. 1 and No. 2 NBA broadcast teams. "When you find chemistry that actually matches with the quality of the product, meaning the NBA games, then it's an opportunity I would not pass up," Roberts said. But ESPN already had unparalleled chemistry in its No. 1 NBA booth. So is any "chemistry" talk at ESPN now just lip-service? Or was ESPN brass' decision to dump Jax and JVG simply an unconscious decision made in a conscious state of mind? The decision results in ESPN teaming Breen, with veteran analyst, Doris Burke and coach/broadcaster Glenn (Doc) Rivers. ESPN has also created a new No. 2 team featuring play-by-play mouth Ryan Ruocco, Richard Jefferson, and NBA gadfly JJ Redick. ESPN is positioning the No. 2 unit as its No. 1 team of the future. Considering ESPN's NBA rights contract expires following the 2024-25 season, and the status of the network's future relationship with the NBA has yet to be determined, that "team of the future" characterization is presumptuous. It also isn't great for the moral of Breen/Burke/Rivers to be shadowed by this No.-1-team-in- waiting. The ultimate demise of JVG and Jax sends a signal to the Free World that at ESPN, excellence behind the ESPN microphone is no guarantee of keeping one's gig. The suits have stuck to their mantra of JVG and Jax being part of company-wide layoffs; voices simply caught in a money crunch. The spin has now been refined to position the transactions as a restructuring of ESPN's total NBA team -- from game voices to studio show personnel. Still, could the dismissals have anything to do with JVG, and his sometimes-controversial commentary, being perceived as an irritant to the NBA hierarchy? Was this a case of ESPN's Faculty wanting nothing, no matter how small, serving as an impediment to its ongoing NBA negotiations? "I need to emphasize that they [Adam Silver and Co.] were not involved in the decision-making process," Roberts said. "... Like any good partnership, they're aware of what's going on and they offer their input." The extent of that "input" remains unknown. But from this outpost, there's reason to believe no one in the league office attempted to convince the Bristol Faculty that jettisoning Jeff Van Gundy and Mark Jackson was a dreadful decision. A Dump in the Dark System RequirementsA Dump in the Dark has been added to Game-Debate but does not currently have the A Dump in the Dark system requirements.If the game is less than 3 years old and you know what the system requirements are then please send them through to Felix and they will get them updated. Where possible, also send a link to the source of the system requirements to help us validate the information. Processor VRAM RAM OS DirectX HDD SpaceCrypto Market Leaders and Laggards: The Biggest Movers of the WeekThe CoinDesk Market Index of 183 assets – a broad-based indicator of crypto market sentiment – is down 1.4% for the last week. But that is just a blip in its 60.1% growth year to date. Let’s take a look at the bigger picture of the top-10 and bottom-10 assets based on their performance month on month. Leaders![]() Culture and entertainment assets and currencies predominated the leaders. Small gaming and metaverse protocols including Yield Guild Games (YGG), a global community that bands gamers together to play, and HighStreet (HIGH), a decentralized metaverse and massively multiplayer online role-playing game, as well as LivePeer (LPT), a decentralized video streaming network protocol, made a huge impression in the top 10 leaderboard. But their impact overall was not so large. As these are all small players, the culture and entertainment sector, which is market-cap weighted, was pretty flat month on month (down 0.4%). The spectacular up and down of Yield Guild Games is a story still in progress. On Aug. 3, the guild announced the launch of its fourth audience-building campaign that features numerous quests and rewards. The token rose a dizzying 600% over the next four days, but on Aug. 7 began to plummet as rumors that the guild’s initial backers were using the opportunity to take their money out. “It appears to be a pump and dump,” said CoinDesk Indices Data Analyst Reilly Decker. Stellar (XLM), XRP (XRP) and Shiba Inu (SHIB) were the biggest currency leaders over the last week. Stellar is building on a research report it released in July that supports the narrative that XLM is one of the most well-connected and integrated USDC cash off-ramps. XRP is still benefiting from a U.S. judge’s ruling last month that the sale of XRP tokens on exchanges do not constitute investment contracts (and therefore are not covered by securities laws). Just this month, Shiba Inu (SHIB) announced it would tie digital identity services across all of its platforms, another sign of its effort to distance itself from its meme coin origins and become a serious DeFi protocol. Recently, a shiba inu investor – believed to be a founder or founders holding 10% of the token’s total supply – moved some $30 million worth of their stash to eight wallets, on-chain analytics tool Lookonchain said in a tweet. Laggards![]() Going the other way, the two biggest laggards month on month were also in culture and entertainment and in currencies. Augur (REP), a decentralized prediction market, otherwise known as betting, and Pepe (PEPE) is a meme coin. Both of these tokens seem to have lost investors’ interest lately. Another tumbler was Curve Finance (CRV), which suffered a $70 million hack in July, at one point raising doubts as to its viability as a going concern. In crypto, there are always winners and losers, often massively so. Other Ticker Symbols: BNT: Bancor OP: Optimism MKR: Maker ASTR: Astar MULTI: Multichain MXC: MXC LCX: LCX RPL: Rocket Pool CVX: Convex Finance STORJ: Storj ZBC: Zebec This story originally appeared on Coindesk |
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Warum sind Cyberrisiken so schwer greifbar?
Als mehr oder weniger neuartiges Phänomen stellen Cyberrisiken Unternehmen und Versicherer vor besondere Herausforderungen. Nicht nur die neuen Schadenszenarien sind abstrakter oder noch nicht bekannt. Häufig sind immaterielle Werte durch Cyberrisiken in Gefahr. Diese wertvollen Vermögensgegenstände sind schwer bewertbar.
Obwohl die Gefahr durchaus wahrgenommen wird, unterschätzen viele Firmen ihr eigenes Risiko. Dies liegt unter anderem auch an den Veröffentlichungen zu Cyberrisiken. In der Presse finden sich unzählige Berichte von Cyberattacken auf namhafte und große Unternehmen. Den Weg in die Presse finden eben nur die spektakulären Fälle. Die dort genannten Schadenszenarien werden dann für das eigene Unternehmen als unrealistisch eingestuft. Die für die KMU nicht minder gefährlichen Cyberattacken werden nur selten publiziert.
Aufgrund der fehlenden öffentlichen Meldungen von Sicherheitsvorfällen an Sicherheitsbehörden und wegen der fehlenden Presseberichte fällt es schwer, Fakten und Zahlen zur Risikolage zu erheben. Aber ohne diese Grundlage fällt es schwer, in entsprechende Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu investieren.
Erklärungsleitfaden anhand eines Ursache-Wirkungs-Modells
Häufig nähert man sich dem Thema Cyberrisiko anlass- oder eventbezogen, also wenn sich neue Schadenszenarien wie die weltweite WannaCry-Attacke entwickeln. Häufig wird auch akteursgebunden beleuchtet, wer Angreifer oder Opfer sein kann. Dadurch begrenzt man sich bei dem Thema häufig zu sehr nur auf die Cyberkriminalität. Um dem Thema Cyberrisiko jedoch gerecht zu werden, müssen auch weitere Ursachen hinzugezogen werden.
Mit einer Kategorisierung kann das Thema ganzheitlich und nachvollziehbar strukturiert werden. Ebenso hilft eine solche Kategorisierung dabei, eine Abgrenzung vorzunehmen, für welche Gefahren Versicherungsschutz über eine etwaige Cyberversicherung besteht und für welche nicht.
Die Ursachen sind dabei die Risiken, während finanzielle bzw. nicht finanzielle Verluste die Wirkungen sind. Cyberrisiken werden demnach in zwei Hauptursachen eingeteilt. Auf der einen Seite sind die nicht kriminellen Ursachen und auf der anderen Seite die kriminellen Ursachen zu nennen. Beide Ursachen können dabei in drei Untergruppen unterteilt werden.
Nicht kriminelle Ursachen
Höhere Gewalt
Häufig hat man bei dem Thema Cyberrisiko nur die kriminellen Ursachen vor Augen. Aber auch höhere Gewalt kann zu einem empfindlichen Datenverlust führen oder zumindest die Verfügbarkeit von Daten einschränken, indem Rechenzentren durch Naturkatastrophen wie beispielsweise Überschwemmungen oder Erdbeben zerstört werden. Ebenso sind Stromausfälle denkbar.
Menschliches Versagen/Fehlverhalten
Als Cyberrisiken sind auch unbeabsichtigtes und menschliches Fehlverhalten denkbar. Hierunter könnte das versehentliche Veröffentlichen von sensiblen Informationen fallen. Möglich sind eine falsche Adressierung, Wahl einer falschen Faxnummer oder das Hochladen sensibler Daten auf einen öffentlichen Bereich der Homepage.
Technisches Versagen
Auch Hardwaredefekte können zu einem herben Datenverlust führen. Neben einem Überhitzen von Rechnern sind Kurzschlüsse in Systemtechnik oder sogenannte Headcrashes von Festplatten denkbare Szenarien.
Kriminelle Ursachen
Hackerangriffe
Hackerangriffe oder Cyberattacken sind in der Regel die Szenarien, die die Presse dominieren. Häufig wird von spektakulären Datendiebstählen auf große Firmen oder von weltweiten Angriffen mit sogenannten Kryptotrojanern berichtet. Opfer kann am Ende aber jeder werden. Ziele, Methoden und auch das Interesse sind vielfältig. Neben dem finanziellen Interesse können Hackerangriffe auch zur Spionage oder Sabotage eingesetzt werden. Mögliche Hackermethoden sind unter anderem: Social Engineering, Trojaner, DoS-Attacken oder Viren.
Physischer Angriff
Die Zielsetzung eines physischen Angriffs ist ähnlich dem eines Hackerangriffs. Dabei wird nicht auf die Tools eines Hackerangriffs zurückgegriffen, sondern durch das physische Eindringen in Unternehmensgebäude das Ziel erreicht. Häufig sind es Mitarbeiter, die vertrauliche Informationen stehlen, da sie bereits den notwendigen Zugang zu den Daten besitzen.
Erpressung
Obwohl die Erpressung aufgrund der eingesetzten Methoden auch als Hackerangriff gewertet werden könnte, ergibt eine Differenzierung Sinn. Erpressungsfälle durch Kryptotrojaner sind eines der häufigsten Schadenszenarien für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen. Außerdem sind auch Erpressungsfälle denkbar, bei denen sensible Daten gestohlen wurden und ein Lösegeld gefordert wird, damit sie nicht veröffentlicht oder weiterverkauft werden.
Ihre Cyberversicherung sollte zumindet folgende Schäden abdecken:
Cyber-Kosten:
- Soforthilfe und Forensik-Kosten (Kosten der Ursachenermittlung, Benachrichtigungskosten und Callcenter-Leistung)
- Krisenkommunikation / PR-Maßnahmen
- Systemverbesserungen nach einer Cyber-Attacke
- Aufwendungen vor Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls
Cyber-Drittschäden (Haftpflicht):
- Befriedigung oder Abwehr von Ansprüchen Dritter
- Rechtswidrige elektronische Kommunikation
- Ansprüche der E-Payment-Serviceprovider
- Vertragsstrafe wegen der Verletzung von Geheimhaltungspflichten und Datenschutzvereinbarungen
- Vertragliche Schadenersatzansprüche
- Vertragliche Haftpflicht bei Datenverarbeitung durch Dritte
- Rechtsverteidigungskosten
Cyber-Eigenschäden:
- Betriebsunterbrechung
- Betriebsunterbrechung durch Ausfall von Dienstleister (optional)
- Mehrkosten
- Wiederherstellung von Daten (auch Entfernen der Schadsoftware)
- Cyber-Diebstahl: elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr, fehlerhafter Versand von Waren, Telefon-Mehrkosten/erhöhte Nutzungsentgelte
- Cyber-Erpressung
- Entschädigung mit Strafcharakter/Bußgeld
- Ersatz-IT-Hardware
- Cyber-Betrug