Was ist das eigentlich? Cyberrisiken verständlich erklärt

Es wird viel über Cyberrisiken gesprochen. Oftmals fehlt aber das grundsätzliche Verständnis, was Cyberrisiken überhaupt sind. Ohne diese zu verstehen, lässt sich aber auch kein Versicherungsschutz gestalten.

Beinahe alle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens können heute über das Internet abgewickelt werden. Online-Shopping und Online-Banking sind im Alltag angekommen. Diese Entwicklung trifft längst nicht nur auf Privatleute, sondern auch auf Firmen zu. Das Schlagwort Industrie 4.0 verheißt bereits eine zunehmende Vernetzung diverser geschäftlicher Vorgänge über das Internet.

Anbieter von Cyberversicherungen für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) haben Versicherungen die Erfahrung gemacht, dass trotz dieser eindeutigen Entwicklung Cyberrisiken immer noch unterschätzt werden, da sie als etwas Abstraktes wahrgenommen werden. Für KMU kann dies ein gefährlicher Trugschluss sein, da gerade hier Cyberattacken existenzbedrohende Ausmaße annehmen können. So wird noch häufig gefragt, was Cyberrisiken eigentlich sind. Diese Frage ist mehr als verständlich, denn ohne (Cyber-)Risiken bestünde auch kein Bedarf für eine (Cyber-)Versicherung.

Wo erhalte ich vollständige Informationen über IAPP-CIPT?

Nachfolgend finden Sie alle Details zu Übungstests, Dumps und aktuellen Fragen der IAPP-CIPT: Certified Information Privacy Technologist Prüfung.

2023 Updated Actual IAPP-CIPT questions as experienced in Test Center

Aktuelle IAPP-CIPT Fragen aus echten Tests von Killexams.com - easy finanz | easyfinanz

IAPP-CIPT PDF Questions - Certified Information Privacy Technologist | https://www.easyfinanz.cc/

IAPP IAPP-CIPT : Certified Information Privacy Technologist ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS

Exam Dumps Organized by Shahid nazir



Latest 2023 Updated IAPP Certified Information Privacy Technologist Syllabus
IAPP-CIPT ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS / Braindumps contains actual test Questions

Practice Tests and Free VCE Software - Questions Updated on Daily Basis
Big Discount / Cheapest price & 100% Pass Guarantee




IAPP-CIPT Exam Center Questions : Download 100% Free IAPP-CIPT ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS (PDF and VCE)

Exam Number : IAPP-CIPT
Exam Name : Certified Information Privacy Technologist
Vendor Name : IAPP
Update : Click Here to Check Latest Update
Question Bank : Check Questions

Real Questions and cheat sheet for IAPP-CIPT exam
We offer valid and up-to-date IAPP-CIPT Practice Test, which are effective for the actual IAPP-CIPT exam. Their website provides the latest tips and tricks to pass the IAPP-CIPT test with their Cheatsheet. With their database of IAPP-CIPT questions, you do not need to waste time studying reference books. Just spend 24 hours mastering their IAPP-CIPT Exam Questions and answers and take the exam.

Our mission at killexams.com is to provide the best possible resources to help you pass your IAPP IAPP-CIPT test on your first attempt. To achieve this goal, they offer their customers real IAPP-CIPT pdf test Braindumps in two formats: IAPP-CIPT PDF and IAPP-CIPT VCE test system. With these formats, you can breeze through the IAPP IAPP-CIPT genuine test rapidly and adequately. Their IAPP-CIPT Free PDF PDF format is designed for studying on any gadget, including iPhone, iPad, Android, MAC, and more. You can even print it out and take it with you on holiday to the beach or any other location.

We take pride in their high IAPP-CIPT pass rate, which is at 98.9%. Furthermore, the comparability rate between their IAPP-CIPT Question Bank and the genuine test is also at 98%. This means that you can rely on their materials to provide you with accurate and up-to-date information that will prepare you for the real exam. If you want to achieve success in the IAPP-CIPT test in just one attempt, then look no further than killexams.com. They are confident that their resources will help you pass your test with flying colors.







IAPP-CIPT test Format | IAPP-CIPT Course Contents | IAPP-CIPT Course Outline | IAPP-CIPT test Syllabus | IAPP-CIPT test Objectives


Understand critical privacy concepts and practices that impact IT

Become familiar with consumer privacy expectations and responsibility

Bake privacy into early stages of IT products and services for cost control, accuracy and speed-to-market

Establish privacy practices for data collection and transfer

Pre-empt privacy issues in the Internet of Things

Factor privacy into data classification and emerging tech such as cloud computing, facial recognition and surveillance

Communicate privacy issues with partners such as management, development, marketing and legal.



CIPT Training Course Outline

MODULE 1: Fundamentals of Information Privacy

Unit 1: Common Principles and Approaches to Privacy



Discussion of the modern history of privacy, an introduction to types of information, an overview of information risk management and a summary of modern privacy principles.

Unit 2: Jurisdiction and Industries

Introduction to the major privacy models employed around the globe and provides an overview of privacy and data protection regulation by jurisdictions and industry sectors.

Unit 3: Information Security: Safeguarding Personal Information

Introductions to information security, including definitions, elements, standards and threats/vulnerabilities, as well as introductions to information security management and governance, including frameworks, controls, cryptography and identity and access management (IAM).

Unit 4: Online Privacy: Using Personal Information on Websites and with Other Internet-related Technologies

Examines the web as a platform, as well as privacy considerations for sensitive online information, including policies and notices, access, security, authentication and data collection.

Examine additional courses include childrens online privacy, email, searches, online marketing and advertising, social media, online assurance, cloud computing and mobile devices.

MODULE 2: Privacy in Technology

Unit 1: Understanding the Need for Privacy in the IT Environment



Explore the impact that regulatory activities, security threats, advances in technology and the increasing proliferation of social networks have on IT departments.

Unit 2: Core Privacy Concepts

Uncover how privacy compliance becomes more attainable through developing information lifecycle plans, data identification and classification systems and data flow diagrams.

Unit 3: Regulations and Standards Impacting Privacy in IT

Understand privacy laws, regulations and standards that can help IT professionals design better privacy programs and systems to handle personal information throughout the data lifecycle.

Unit 4: Privacy in Systems and Applications

Develop an understanding of the risks inherent in the IT environment and how to address them.

Unit 5: Online Privacy Issues

Learn about online threats, threat prevention and the role of IT professionals in ensuring proper handling of user data.

Unit 6: De-identifying and Anonymizing Personally Identifiable Information

Understand the importance of personally identifiable information and methods for ensuring its protection.

Unit 7: Cloud Computing

Evaluates privacy and security concerns associated with cloud services, and standards that exist to advise on their use.



Killexams Review | Reputation | Testimonials | Feedback


Where will I find real test Questions & Answers of IAPP-CIPT exam?
Kudos to the excellent IAPP-CIPT test training choice offered by Killexams. The actual test Braindumps proved to be very beneficial, helping me pass my IAPP-CIPT test with ease. Before purchasing, I contacted customer service with questions about how frequently they update their materials, and I was pleased to learn that they update their tests nearly every day. This justifies purchasing an test brain sell-off from Killexams, as you can depend on the modern test materials rather than outdated e-books. I look forward to using Killexams as my essential schooling resource as I continue to expand my certification portfolio into new areas.


Right place to get IAPP-CIPT real test question paper.
I recently passed the IAPP-CIPT test with a perfect score, thanks to killexams.com. Two weeks after using their test simulator, I felt confident in my knowledge of the subject matter. When it came time to take the actual exam, I had already seen most of the questions during practice. I owe my success to killexams.com, and I am grateful for their comprehensive materials.


Weekend study is sufficient to pass IAPP-CIPT test with Braindumps I were given.
Thanks to killexams.com, I was able to keep my word to my father, who asked me if I was going to fail my upcoming IAPP-CIPT exam. I confidently answered no, and I am grateful that their study materials helped me pass the test with satisfactory results.


Up to date and reliable brain dumps latest IAPP-CIPT are available here.
The questions in killexams.com's material are valid and indistinguishable from the IAPP-CIPT exam. I passed the test within just 30 minutes of the allotted time, thanks to their excellent preparation material. Although I was cautious at first, their Braindumps and test Simulator turned out to be a solid hotspot for my test preparation. I would highly recommend it to others.


Download and Try out these actual IAPP-CIPT question bank.
I passed my IAPP-CIPT test in just 20 days of preparation using killexams.com's brain dump test guide. The dumps virtually changed my life, and now I am employed in a great organization with a decent income. Killexams.com's material is useful for test preparation, and they provide remarkable references. I was able to answer nearly all questions in only half of the time thanks to killexams.com.


IAPP Privacy testing

 

Editorial Process

Our Editorial Mission

In a digital world, information only matters if it's timely, relevant, and credible. They promise to do whatever is necessary to get you the information you need when you need it, to make their opinions fair and useful, and to make sure their facts are accurate.

If a popular product is on store shelves, you can count on CNET for immediate commentary and benchmark analysis as soon as possible. They promise to publish credible information they have as soon as they have it, throughout a product's life cycle, from its first public announcement to any potential recall or emergence of a competing device.

How will they know if we're fulfilling their mission? They constantly monitor their competition, user activity, and journalistic awards. They scour and scrutinize blogs, sites, aggregators, RSS feeds, and any other available resources, and editors at all levels of their organization continuously review their coverage.

But you're the final judge. They ask that you inform us whenever you find an error, spot a gap in their coverage, or have any other suggestions for improvement. Readers are part of the CNET family, and the strength of that relationship is the ultimate test of their success.

How they test products

CNET Labs' testing methods are the result of years of experience and research, employing the expertise of CNET's Labs staff and editors, as well as feedback from the manufacturers whose products they review, and also feedback from users. Their objective, precise, and repeatable testing methods--which use tests developed by CNET Labs, as well as industry-accepted benchmarks--provide the comparative data and quantitative results that feed the technical analysis of their product reviews. This, combined with the qualitative analysis from the hands-on evaluations of their expert editors, gives their users everything they need to know to make informed buying decisions.

More in-depth information about their specific testing methods is available using the links below:

Antivirus software / Blu-ray players / Browsers / Cameras / Cars / Cell phones / Desktops / Laptops / Monitors / Networking devices / Printers / Storage devices / Tablets / TVs

Disclosure statement

In order to prevent any real or perceived conflict of interest, they will not review any product or service that is currently involved in active litigation with CBS Corporation (the parent corporation of CNET) with respect to the legality of the product or service. As of January 23, 2013, the products or services that have a conflict are Dish Hopper and Aereo. CBS Corporation owns a bunch of websites; they may or may not write about these properties and will be transparent when they do so.

Affiliate disclosure

When you click through from their site to a retailer and buy a product, they may earn affiliate commissions. This helps support their work, but does not affect what they cover or how, and it does not affect the price you pay.


Study highlights advantages of syphilis self-testing: convenience, privacy, and rapid results

In a recent study published in The Lancet Public Health, researchers performed a meta-analysis on the utility of syphilis self-testing (SST).

Study: The role of syphilis self-testing as an additional syphilis testing approach in key populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Image Credit: JarunOntakrai/Shutterstock.com Study: The role of syphilis self-testing as an additional syphilis testing approach in key populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Image Credit: JarunOntakrai/Shutterstock.com

Background

Syphilis, a sexually-transmitted Treponema pallidum infection, is a worldwide epidemic that predominantly affects males having sexual intercourse with males (MSM), sex workers, and transgender women.

Access to healthcare facilities is hampered by economic, structural, and social constraints, leading to delayed identification and management of syphilis, continuing spread, and increasing infection-associated morbidity and mortality.

Discrimination, stigma, prior negative healthcare experiences, gender-based abuse, confidentiality concerns, reluctance to reveal sexual behavior, and limited accessibility to health facilities all contribute to sexually transmitted diseases (STD) follow-up losses and low testing rates.

SST has the potential to expand testing and therapy coverage similarly as self-tests for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been shown to do.

About the study

In the present meta-analysis, researchers reviewed the scientific evidence on SST concerning its usability, accuracy, acceptability, reactivity, uptake, association with confirmatory testing, management, care services for sexual health, adverse events or social harm, cost-effectiveness, and execution factors.

Databases such as Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched for studies published between January 1, 2000, and October 13, 2022. Original research on rapid tests for syphilis, including dual syphilis-HIV testing, was included.

In addition, four electronic STD or HIV conference databases [conferences of the International acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Society, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC), International Union Against STDs, and Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections] were reviewed.

The World Health Organization (WHO) research group for human immunodeficiency virus self-testing guidelines’ updates provided data on syphilis-HIV dual testing.

Two researchers independently performed data screening and extraction, and discrepancies were resolved by a third researcher. Random-effects modeling was performed to determine the pooled percentage of individuals offered syphilis self-testing kits who underwent testing.

Bias risks were analyzed using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias Tool and the Johanna Briggs’ Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs, respectively, and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach. SST includes tests performed by individuals who collect specimens, perform the tests, and interpret the results. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize study characteristics.

Results

In total, 40,499 records were identified, of which 11 were eligible, including seven studies conducted in the United States of America (USA, one study), China (five studies), and Zimbabwe (one study). Among the included studies, two recruited individuals from 2015 to 2017 and nine recruited individuals from 2018 to 2020.

Four studies documented data from MSM individuals, and five utilized dual SST-HIV dual tests. All the included cross-sectional analytical studies had low bias risks. Regarding evidence certainty, the team found very low evidence certainty for adverse events and social harm; low confidence for reactivity, usability, and linkage to treatment and care; and high certainty for uptake.

Using information from three observational-type studies and one RCT, the pooled percentage of individuals who underwent SST testing was 88.0%, with medium-level heterogeneity in the study findings (I² of 46.0%). None of the studies provided information on SST specificity or sensitivity.

Provider and user SST preferences were high, with SST facilitators including privacy, convenience, autonomy, quick results, reduced contact with health facilities, time savings, and trust in hematological testing, with individuals capable of self-testing correctly.

Studies conducted in China reported the highest uptake rates (approximately 90%) and that SST was more cost-effective at an individual level than facility-based tests.

However, there were a few reported challenges, including finger prick requirements for blood trial collection, complicated and lengthy procedures (involving removal of test components from the package, pipetting buffer, and understanding SST instructions), technical problems related to phone use (e.g., SST scanning), and result interpretation difficulties.

SST implementation barriers included lack of knowledge (including SST unawareness and kit and care accessibility locations), trial collection and result interpretation challenges, poor STD awareness, and privacy, cost, and test accuracy concerns.

A study reported that 30 out of 174 males and nine out of 76 female sexual workers were pressured to perform SST due to verbal abuse, relationship termination, violent threats, and psychological pressure.

Conclusion

Overall, the study findings expand on self-testing data for various disease locations and show that SST can reach neglected individuals.

SST implementation proved possible and acceptable; hence, SST may be utilized as a supplementary syphilis testing strategy.

However, since SST specificity and sensitivity data were unavailable, further research is required to develop appropriate strategies and policies for delivering and scaling SST.


How to Test for Lupus

No result found, try new keyword!This article is based on reporting that features expert sources. How to Test for Lupus Lupus is a medical condition with an aura of mystery. Symptoms affect each patient differently and can mimic ...
 


While it is hard job to pick solid certification questions/answers regarding review, reputation and validity since individuals get sham because of picking incorrec service. Killexams.com ensure to serve its customers best to its efforts as for ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS update and validity. Most of other's post false reports with objections about us for the brain dumps bout their customers pass their exams cheerfully and effortlessly. They never bargain on their review, reputation and quality because killexams review, killexams reputation and killexams customer certainty is imperative to us. Extraordinarily they deal with false killexams.com review, killexams.com reputation, killexams.com scam reports. killexams.com trust, killexams.com validity, killexams.com report and killexams.com that are posted by genuine customers is helpful to others. If you see any false report posted by their opponents with the name killexams scam report on web, killexams.com score reports, killexams.com reviews, killexams.com protestation or something like this, simply remember there are constantly terrible individuals harming reputation of good administrations because of their advantages. Most clients that pass their exams utilizing killexams.com brain dumps, killexams PDF questions, killexams practice questions, killexams test VCE simulator. Visit their example questions and test brain dumps, their test simulator and you will realize that killexams.com is the best ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS site.

Which is the best dumps website?
Without a doubt, Killexams is 100 percent legit and fully well-performing. There are several includes that makes killexams.com realistic and authentic. It provides current and 100 percent valid ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS that contain real exams questions and answers. Price is nominal as compared to almost all services on internet. The Braindumps are up to date on typical basis together with most recent brain dumps. Killexams account method and merchandise delivery is incredibly fast. Submit downloading is actually unlimited and very fast. Support is avaiable via Livechat and Electronic mail. These are the characteristics that makes killexams.com a sturdy website which provide ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS with real exams questions.



Is killexams.com test material dependable?
There are several Braindumps provider in the market claiming that they provide actual test Questions, Braindumps, Practice Tests, Study Guides, cheat sheet and many other names, but most of them are re-sellers that do not update their contents frequently. Killexams.com is best website of Year 2023 that understands the issue candidates face when they spend their time studying obsolete contents taken from free pdf download sites or reseller sites. Thats why killexams.com update test Braindumps with the same frequency as they are updated in Real Test. ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS provided by killexams.com are Reliable, Up-to-date and validated by Certified Professionals. They maintain dumps questions of valid Questions that is kept up-to-date by checking update on daily basis.

If you want to Pass your test Fast with improvement in your knowledge about latest course contents and courses of new syllabus, They recommend to download PDF test Questions from killexams.com and get ready for actual exam. When you feel that you should register for Premium Version, Just choose visit killexams.com and register, you will receive your Username/Password in your Email within 5 to 10 minutes. All the future updates and changes in Braindumps will be provided in your download Account. You can download Premium ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS files as many times as you want, There is no limit.

Killexams.com has provided VCE practice test Software to Practice your test by Taking Test Frequently. It asks the Real test Questions and Marks Your Progress. You can take test as many times as you want. There is no limit. It will make your test prep very fast and effective. When you start getting 100% Marks with complete Pool of Questions, you will be ready to take actual Test. Go register for Test in Exam Center and Enjoy your Success.




AX0-100 Braindumps | CFE-FP-D test test | RE18 dumps questions | 62-193 practice test | 350-601 cbt | DP-500 actual questions | PulseSecure-PCS online test | 010-151 PDF Braindumps | AICP braindumps | NCEES-FE test Questions | NS0-184 Latest Questions | CFR-310 Braindumps | Wonderlic ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS | Google-PCE Dumps | CFRN cram | 300-610 braindumps | CIMAPRA19-F03-1-ENG test prep | CAP practice test | CFP practice test | HPE2-CP02 practice test |


IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist PDF Download
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist learning
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist exam
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist study tips
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test syllabus
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist PDF Dumps
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist information search
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist actual Questions
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist information search
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist braindumps
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist guide
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist answers
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist PDF Braindumps
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test syllabus
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test prep
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist techniques
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist course outline
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test prep
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist information hunger
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist PDF Download
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist answers
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist PDF Questions
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test Questions
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist tricks
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test Questions
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist Practice Test
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist Latest Topics
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist course outline
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist Practice Test
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist book
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist PDF Dumps
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test prep
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist Study Guide
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist study tips
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test Questions
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist Questions and Answers
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist real questions
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist PDF Dumps
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test format
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist Question Bank
IAPP-CIPT - Certified Information Privacy Technologist test Cram

Other IAPP ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS


IAPP-CIPP-C ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS | IAPP-CIPP-E practice exam | IAPP-CIPM PDF Braindumps | CIPP-US test practice | IAPP-CIPT test Questions |


Best ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS You Ever Experienced


AI-102 test prep | HH0-560 test questions | UIPATH-RPAV1 free test papers | 7492X practice exam | DASSM test questions | Scrum-PSD free pdf | PfMP questions download | 4A0-C02 test Questions | 850-001 real questions | 3X0-102 Practice Test | OG0-093 cram | Adwords-fundamentals pdf download | 050-886 Dumps | CIMAPRA17-BA1-1-ENG Free PDF | ATTA writing test questions | CPA-CPP test prep | AD0-E207 free practice tests | CCSPA question test | 020-222 boot camp | CSSGB test questions |





References :


https://arfansaleemfan.blogspot.com/2020/09/iapp-cipt-certified-information-privacy.html
https://drp.mk/i/yGy9wSN0fR
http://feeds.feedburner.com/LookingForIapp-ciptExamDumpsThatWorksInRealExam
https://sites.google.com/view/killexams-iapp-cipt-latest-top
https://www.coursehero.com/file/79411813/Certified-Information-Privacy-Technologist-IAPP-CIPTpdf/
https://www.instapaper.com/read/1396487087
https://killexams-eranker2.medium.com/fantastic-exam-iapp-cipt-dumps-free-2021-accomplishment-guarantee-by-killexams-ca43e1e319c6
https://files.fm/f/xf2psf9bv



Similar Websites :
Pass4sure Certification ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
Pass4Sure test Questions and Dumps






Direct Download

IAPP-CIPT Reviews by Customers

Customer Reviews help to evaluate the exam performance in real test. Here all the reviews, reputation, success stories and ripoff reports provided.

IAPP-CIPT Reviews

100% Valid and Up to Date IAPP-CIPT Exam Questions

We hereby announce with the collaboration of world's leader in Certification Exam Dumps and Real Exam Questions with Practice Tests that, we offer Real Exam Questions of thousands of Certification Exams Free PDF with up to date VCE exam simulator Software.

Warum sind Cyberrisiken so schwer greifbar?

Als mehr oder weniger neuartiges Phänomen stellen Cyberrisiken Unternehmen und Versicherer vor besondere Herausforderungen. Nicht nur die neuen Schadenszenarien sind abstrakter oder noch nicht bekannt. Häufig sind immaterielle Werte durch Cyberrisiken in Gefahr. Diese wertvollen Vermögensgegenstände sind schwer bewertbar.

Obwohl die Gefahr durchaus wahrgenommen wird, unterschätzen viele Firmen ihr eigenes Risiko. Dies liegt unter anderem auch an den Veröffentlichungen zu Cyberrisiken. In der Presse finden sich unzählige Berichte von Cyberattacken auf namhafte und große Unternehmen. Den Weg in die Presse finden eben nur die spektakulären Fälle. Die dort genannten Schadenszenarien werden dann für das eigene Unternehmen als unrealistisch eingestuft. Die für die KMU nicht minder gefährlichen Cyber­attacken werden nur selten publiziert.

Aufgrund der fehlenden öffentlichen Meldungen von Sicherheitsvorfällen an Sicherheitsbehörden und wegen der fehlenden Presseberichte fällt es schwer, Fakten und Zahlen zur Risikolage zu erheben. Aber ohne diese Grundlage fällt es schwer, in entsprechende Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu investieren.

Erklärungsleitfaden anhand eines Ursache-Wirkungs-Modells

Häufig nähert man sich dem Thema Cyberrisiko anlass- oder eventbezogen, also wenn sich neue Schaden­szenarien wie die weltweite WannaCry-Attacke entwickeln. Häufig wird auch akteursgebunden beleuchtet, wer Angreifer oder Opfer sein kann. Dadurch begrenzt man sich bei dem Thema häufig zu sehr nur auf die Cyberkriminalität. Um dem Thema Cyberrisiko jedoch gerecht zu werden, müssen auch weitere Ursachen hinzugezogen werden.

Mit einer Kategorisierung kann das Thema ganzheitlich und nachvollziehbar strukturiert werden. Ebenso hilft eine solche Kategorisierung dabei, eine Abgrenzung vorzunehmen, für welche Gefahren Versicherungsschutz über eine etwaige Cyberversicherung besteht und für welche nicht.

Die Ursachen sind dabei die Risiken, während finanzielle bzw. nicht finanzielle Verluste die Wirkungen sind. Cyberrisiken werden demnach in zwei Hauptursachen eingeteilt. Auf der einen Seite sind die nicht kriminellen Ursachen und auf der anderen Seite die kriminellen Ursachen zu nennen. Beide Ursachen können dabei in drei Untergruppen unterteilt werden.

Nicht kriminelle Ursachen

Höhere Gewalt

Häufig hat man bei dem Thema Cyberrisiko nur die kriminellen Ursachen vor Augen. Aber auch höhere Gewalt kann zu einem empfindlichen Datenverlust führen oder zumindest die Verfügbarkeit von Daten einschränken, indem Rechenzentren durch Naturkatastrophen wie beispielsweise Überschwemmungen oder Erdbeben zerstört werden. Ebenso sind Stromausfälle denkbar.

Menschliches Versagen/Fehlverhalten

Als Cyberrisiken sind auch unbeabsichtigtes und menschliches Fehlverhalten denkbar. Hierunter könnte das versehentliche Veröffentlichen von sensiblen Informationen fallen. Möglich sind eine falsche Adressierung, Wahl einer falschen Faxnummer oder das Hochladen sensibler Daten auf einen öffentlichen Bereich der Homepage.

Technisches Versagen

Auch Hardwaredefekte können zu einem herben Datenverlust führen. Neben einem Überhitzen von Rechnern sind Kurzschlüsse in Systemtechnik oder sogenannte Headcrashes von Festplatten denkbare Szenarien.

Kriminelle Ursachen

Hackerangriffe

Hackerangriffe oder Cyberattacken sind in der Regel die Szenarien, die die Presse dominieren. Häufig wird von spektakulären Datendiebstählen auf große Firmen oder von weltweiten Angriffen mit sogenannten Kryptotrojanern berichtet. Opfer kann am Ende aber jeder werden. Ziele, Methoden und auch das Interesse sind vielfältig. Neben dem finanziellen Interesse können Hackerangriffe auch zur Spionage oder Sabotage eingesetzt werden. Mögliche Hackermethoden sind unter anderem: Social Engineering, Trojaner, DoS-Attacken oder Viren.

Physischer Angriff

Die Zielsetzung eines physischen Angriffs ist ähnlich dem eines Hacker­angriffs. Dabei wird nicht auf die Tools eines Hackerangriffs zurückgegriffen, sondern durch das physische Eindringen in Unternehmensgebäude das Ziel erreicht. Häufig sind es Mitarbeiter, die vertrauliche Informationen stehlen, da sie bereits den notwendigen Zugang zu den Daten besitzen.

Erpressung

Obwohl die Erpressung aufgrund der eingesetzten Methoden auch als Hacker­angriff gewertet werden könnte, ergibt eine Differenzierung Sinn. Erpressungsfälle durch Kryptotrojaner sind eines der häufigsten Schadenszenarien für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen. Außerdem sind auch Erpressungsfälle denkbar, bei denen sensible Daten gestohlen wurden und ein Lösegeld gefordert wird, damit sie nicht veröffentlicht oder weiterverkauft werden.

Ihre Cyberversicherung sollte zumindet folgende Schäden abdecken:

Cyber-Kosten:

  • Soforthilfe und Forensik-Kosten (Kosten der Ursachenermittlung, Benachrichtigungskosten und Callcenter-Leistung)
  • Krisenkommunikation / PR-Maßnahmen
  • Systemverbesserungen nach einer Cyber-Attacke
  • Aufwendungen vor Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls

Cyber-Drittschäden (Haftpflicht):

  • Befriedigung oder Abwehr von Ansprüchen Dritter
  • Rechtswidrige elektronische Kommunikation
  • Ansprüche der E-Payment-Serviceprovider
  • Vertragsstrafe wegen der Verletzung von Geheimhaltungspflichten und Datenschutzvereinbarungen
  • Vertragliche Schadenersatzansprüche
  • Vertragliche Haftpflicht bei Datenverarbeitung durch Dritte
  • Rechtsverteidigungskosten

Cyber-Eigenschäden:

  • Betriebsunterbrechung
  • Betriebsunterbrechung durch Ausfall von Dienstleister (optional)
  • Mehrkosten
  • Wiederherstellung von Daten (auch Entfernen der Schadsoftware)
  • Cyber-Diebstahl: elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr, fehlerhafter Versand von Waren, Telefon-Mehrkosten/erhöhte Nutzungsentgelte
  • Cyber-Erpressung
  • Entschädigung mit Strafcharakter/Bußgeld
  • Ersatz-IT-Hardware
  • Cyber-Betrug